EL'IPHAZ. One of the friends of .lob. lie is described in Job ii. 11 as a Temanite. The repu tation for wisdom of the Edomites probably ac counts for the choice of a native of the Edomitish district of Teman as the leader of the three friends. In the dialogues, his speeches are charac terized by a certain courtly dignity. kindliness of judgment. and grace of style not so marked in the ether His appeal to the anthoritv of revelation. and his general attitude, is best reflected in the classical description of his vision in the night. Job iv. 1•-21.
E'LIS (Lat., from Ok.'11Xis,Elean FciXts. cenneeted perhaps with Lat. rallis, One of the ancient divisions of the Peloponnesus, bounded north and northeast by Achim, east by Arcadia. south by Messenia, and west by the Ionian Sea. It was originally divided into three districts—Cmle or Hollow Pisatis, and Triplivlia. Of these the first-named occupied the northern part, and was by tar the largest and most valuable, comprising as it did the fertile plains watered by the Permits and the Ladon. and producing excellent crops of wheat, eotton, and flax; while the pastures by the river banks reared cattle and horses of proverbial excellence. Pisa tis, in the central portion. is drained by the Alpheus, and is separated from Code Elis by Mount Pholoi;. a slim. of Erymanthus. The low grounds of this division possess great natural fertility. Its southern border was tbo Alpheus. at whose juncture with the Cladeos was situated the great sanctuary of Olympian Zeus, Ot.vmmA.) South of the Alpheus was Triphylia, a eontinuation of the Arcadian hill-country.
Pisatis and Triphylia were subject districts. the ruling Eleans, or Epcians, dwelling on their fer tile estates in the north. Though Elis had no natural strongholds and few fortified towns, it yet suffered little from war before the end of the fifth century n.c.—an advantage due in part to the sacred character of the country as the seat of the greatest of the national festivals, and in part hi it s political situation. for the Mean oligarchy which controlled the cities early united the State to the Spartan League. During the Peloponnesian War, however, the Athenians har ried the coasts. and from that time the fertile territory was frequently plundered. The inhab itants seem to have been unwa•like. and were :W ens:y(1 by the other t:recks of being addicted to lying, drunkenness. and licentiousness. Their prerogative of holding, the Olympic games gave the Eleans a prestige Nvhieh they continued to enjoy in greater or less degree till the games themselves were suppressed by the Emperor The odosius in A.D. 394. Eli.. now. Kaloskopi, the capital of Elis, stood nn the Pe WM S. and after its extension in DJ•. 471 !meanie one of the im portant cities of I:recce. here were the three gymnasia in which all the competitors at the Olympic games were obliged to take their pre liminary training. Sin«. 1899 Elis has formed a monarelly of the Kingdom of Oreece. the capi tal being Pyrgos. Consult : Leake, Tra n is in the Moms i : Curt ins, Pc/,)10),(m sus (Gotha. 1852).