INSTITUTIONS. Detroit has. besides numerous public and parochial schools and private secon dary institutions of learning. a normal school (city). Detroit College (Roman Catholic), opened in 1S17, the Detroit College of Law, the Detroit College of Medicine, which maintains schools of dentistry and and the Michigan Col lege of Medicine and Surgery. The Detroit Bar Library has over I0,000 volumes, and there are several and institutional libraries. The public library, founded in 1865, contains over 166,000 volumes, and has established several brandies, of which one is in each of the three high sellouts.
The city has a poor fund, administered by a Poor Commission. There are about thirty pri vate charities. The Detroit Assoeint ion of Chari• ties is a general organization. representing a number of allied institutions. The Ilouse of Cor rection, which has a plant valued approximately at $500.000. with aveommodations for 600 in iPates, has a Wide reputation as a reformatory institution. Besides the United States Marine Hospital, there are four large general hospitals, including Grace and harper hospitals, in connec tion with which arc training schools for nurses. Other institutions are Saint Mary's and Emer gency hospitals, Home for the Friendless. Saint Vincent's Orphan Asylum. Pudestant Orphan Asylum, Arnold Dome for the Aged and Hospital for Incurables. Thompson Home for Old Ladies Florence Crittenton llome. Deaconess's Home. and Home for the Aged Poor. In 1S94 Detroit originated the scheme of cultivating vacant lot, by aid of the unemployed. Th, .netts: of the experiment led to its adoption in a number of other American cities, in most of how ever, it was conducted by authorized representa tives of the municipality, or of charitable organi zations. and not as a distinctly municipal enterprise.
I. u]ilti RUE AND IN There are a moiler of c4 Ind it which favor Detroit as a commer cial and industrial centre. Its position in the southeastern part of the Lower Nlichigan Venni :oda gives it a natural command over the trade of that region. and. at the same time, places it multi] easy reach of the country to the south: %%hile it, location upon the narrow strait leading from Lake Erie to Lake Saint Clair. and thence to Lake Huron. brings it into relation with the immense lake traffic and with the Canadian trade, a number if the railroads of the Dominion naturally making their connection with those of the United States at this point.
Detroit ranks second the northern bor der ports in the extent of its foreign trade, and is first in the amount of its exports. For the year ending dune 30, 1901, the imports amounted to $2,,+67,1100, and the exports $17.1;09,000. About three-fourths of the total trade is with Canada, 111141 the larger part of the remainder with Eng land. The principal exports are corn, wheat, oats, cotton, hogs, lard, hides, fur, beef, wool. lumber, etc. The number of entering the port in the year above mentioned was 1000, with an aggregate tonnage of 206,7(10: the ves sels clearing. 1015, AN ith a total of 249.300 tons. The river is open to navigation about eight months in the year.
The manufactures are eharacterized rather by than by the predominance of any par ticular industry. .1iiiong the leading products are stoves, freight-ears, drugs, varnish, paint. and oils, some of the establishments that produce these articles ranking among the largest in the world. Detroit has also extensive dry docks and engine plants. and a very large seed house. At one time the city was a leading lumber market of the country. and the sawing and planing mill industry was extensive; all this has declined con siderably, but there are a number of allied in dustries, such the manufacture of furniture, carriages, and matches, whieli have attained im portance. The preparation of for market is of less importanee than formerly. The ten of the iron and steel inili•try to localize near the supply of coal rather than of ore has delayed it development in Detroit. yet the produet in 19111) , estimated :It The value of the foundry and machine-shop prod ucts exceeds that of any other in dustry. The nutimineture of druggists' prepara has developed a iino.t wholly since IsSO. but Pow ranks second in the value of the product, $4.915.001). 'flip slaughtering industry and the maamfaellire of malt liquors also are of recent development. Other important manufactures are those of chewing and smoking tobacco, cigars and eigarett•s, and clothing. The capital invested in the various industries amount. to about 41110.0011. and value of the produet exceeds .$1 011.0110,0011,