EVARTS, WILLIAAt MAxwELL (1818-1901). An eminent American lawyer and statesman. He studied at the Ilarvard Law School until 1839. In 1841 he was admitted to the bar. He was Deputy United States District Attorney from 1849 until 1851, and District Attorney from 1851 until 1853. In 1860 he attended the National Republican Convention in Chieago as the chairman of the NMI' York delegation, and nominated Seward for the Presideney. During the Civil War he was secretary of the Union Defense Committee, and was sent by President Lincoln on a diplomatic mission to England. He was the senior counsel of President Johnson in the great impeachment trial of 1863 (see JOHNSON, ..ANDREw), and did much to secure his acquittal. From duly, 186S, until March 4, 1869, he was Attorney.General of the United States. In 1872 he acted as chief counsel of the tinited States before the Geneva Court of Arbitration. In the contest between Ilayes awl Tilden in 1877 for the succession to the Presidency, Evarts was the leading counsel of the Ilepublicans before the Electoral Commis sion (q.v.). Ile was appointed Secretary of State by President Hayes, and served through out the term. In 1881 he was sent as a dele gate of the United States to the International Monetary Conference at Paris, and from 1885 to 1891 he served in the United States Senate. Pe
then retired both from politics and from the bar, and lived in New York City until his death. Only a few of his public addresses have been published. Among these are the eulogy on Chief Justice Chase, delivered at Dartmouth in 1873; the Centennial oration delivered in Philadelphia in 1876; and his orations at the unveiling of statues in New York to William Seward and Daniel Webster.
EVE. The name given to the first woman. in Gen. iii. 20. The Hebrew form, Harrnb, is con nected with the verb to live, and probably means life, or perhaps a living thing. In the passage it is explained that the name was given 'because she was the mother of all living.' Unlike Adam, Eve is unquestionably a proper name. The pas• sage (Gen. ii. 18-25) in which the creation of Eve is related is assigned to the Yahwistic writer, and lays stress upon the close relation between Adam and Eve and between husband and wife. Verse 24 has been thought to reflect the primitive or ganization of society, where kinship is tram] through the maternal line. See ADAM, and con sult Robertson Smith. Kinship and Marriage in Early Arabia (Cambridge, 1885).