B. THE PROBLEM OF THE CHRONOLOGY. This concerns itself chiefly with the question as to the length of Jesus' ministry; and this question turns largely upon the character of the feast mentioned in John v. 1. If this is held to be a Passover, the duration of His active work is ex tended to at least three years; if it is not so held, the limit is reduced to perhaps two years. For full discussion of this and minor points, see NEW TESTAMENT CHRONOLOGY. See also the ar ticles on the individual Gospels.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. In addition to the usual New Bibliography. In addition to the usual New Testament Introductions and Lives of Christ, which are useful for the general subject, consult the following more important recent books: (1) For the Synoptic Problem (a) as helps in in vestigation: Ru shbrooke, S'ynopticon ( London, 1880-81) ; Hawkins. Synopticw (Oxford, 1899) : Veit, Die synoptiselwn Parallelen (Gilters loh, 1897) : Huck, Sunopse der drei ersten Evan gelien (Freiburg, 1898) ; Heinieke. Synopse der drei ersten kanonischen Evangelien (Giessen, 1898). (b) For general reference and presenta tion of specific views: Wright, The Composition of the Four Gospels (London, 1890) ; Badham, The Formation of the Gospels (London, 1892) ; Westcott, Introduction to the Study of the Gos pels (New York, 1896) ; Wernle, The synoptische Frage (Freiburg, 1899) ; Weizsacker, Unter suchungen fiber die evangelische Geschichte (Leip zig, 1901). (2) For the Johannine Problem: Sanday, Authorship and Historical Charac ter of the Fourth Gospel (London, 1872) ; Lu thardt, Der Johommeische Ursprung des vierten Evangeliums (Nuremberg, 1874; Eng. trans.,
Edinburgh, 1885) ; Beyschlag, Zur Johanneischen Frage (Gotha, 1876) ; Lightfoot, Essays on Supernatural Religion (London, 1889) ; Thoma, Genesis des Johannis Evangelium (Berlin, 1882) ; O. Holtzman, Johann-Evangelium (Darmstadt., 1887) ; Ewald, Das Hauptproblem der Evange lienfrage (Leipzig, 1890) ; Delff, Das Vierte Evangelium (Husum, 1890) ; Watkins, Modern Criticism in Relation to the Fourth Gospel (Lon don, 1890) ; Schtirer, "Veber den gegenwartigen Stand der Johanneischen Frage," in Vortrtige der theologischen Konferenz zu Giessen (Giessen, 1889) ; Wendt, Das Johannis Evangelium (Eng. trans., London, 1902). (3) For the Nativity: Resch, Das Kindheits Evangelium nach Lucas und Matthdus (Leipzig, 1897) ; Ramsay, Was Christ Born at Bethlehem? (New York, 1898) ; Conrady, Die Quelle der kanonischen Kindheits geschichte Jesu's (Gottingen, 1900). (4) For the Lord's Supper: Harnack, Brod und Nasser (Leipzig, 1892) ; Zahn, Brod and TVein (Leip zig, 1892) ; Jillicher, "Zur Geschichte des Abend mahls," in Theologische Abhandlungen (Freiburg, 1892) ; Spitta, Zur Geschichte des Urchristen tums, vol. i. (Gottingen, 1893) ; Gardner, The Origin of the Lord's Supper (London, 1893) ; Schaefer, Das Herrenmahl (Giitersloh, 1897). (5) For the Resurrection: Milligan, The Resur rection of Our Lord (London, 1884) ; Loofs, Die Auferstehungsberichte (Leipzig, 1898).