GORZ, gerts, or GORITZ, erns. The capital of the Austrian Crownland of Gorz and Gradisca. one of the Coast Districts; charmingly situated in a fruitful plain on the left bank of the Isonzo, about 35 miles north-northwest of Triest (Map: Austria, C 4). Among its principal buildings are the cathedral of the seventeenth century, with a beautiful sacrarium; the church and college of the Jesuits, the latter used as barracks; the archbishop's palace; and Govern ment buildings. Above the town rises the inter esting old partly ruined castle of the former counts of, Gorz; and to the north lies the Fran ciscan monastery of Castagnavizza, with the graves of Charles X. of France, who died in Giirz in 1836, and of the Due d'Angouleme awl the Comte de Chambord. Gorz has manufactures of silks, cotton, leather, matches, candles, paper, and soap, and a thriving trade in vegetables, candied fruits, and wine. On account of its dry mild climate and protected situation, the city has become a favorite winter resort. Population, in 1890, 21,825; in 1900, 25,432.
GeRZ AND GRADISCA, gra-dis/kit. A crownland and (titular) princely earldom of the Cisleithan portion of Austria-Hungary (Map: Austria, C 4). It is the most northern of the Coast Districts, being bounded on the north by Carinthia, on the east by Carniola, on the south by the Adriatic and the districts of Triest and Istria, and on the west by Italy. The area is approximately 1125 square miles. It is mostly a mountainous region. The southwestern part, on the Adriatic, is wholly arable and very fertile. In the north the Julian Alps cross in a southeasterly direction, with the Triglav group (9380 feet) rising on the eastern boundary; in the west the Venetian Alps extend southward, forming most of the western boundary, with Monte Canin (8770 feet) as the highest peak.
The two important rivers are the Isonzo and the Timavo, each emptying_into the Adriatic. Agri culture is the leading industry. Wine and silk are produced in the south. Wheat, barley, maize, buckwheat, and hay are the leading crops. Some rice is grown. Capital, Giirz. The local diet has twenty-two members. The crownland sends five members to the Lower House of Austria. The population, in 1990, was 220,308; in 1900, 232, 338. The inhabitants are almost wholly Roman Catholics. About 61 per cent. are Slovenes, and 35 per cent. Italians. The district came into the possession of Austria in 1500, on the extinction of a line of counts of Giirz and Gradisca, who had ruled for some centuries.
GoSCHEL, eshel, KARL FRIEDRICH (1784 1862). A German jurist and philosopher. He was born at Langensalza, and was educated for the bar at Leipzig. In 1845 he was ap pointed president of the consistory for the Province of Saxony, Prussia, but was compelled to resign that position after the Revolution of 1848. He was not only a profound scholar and theorist, but also a practical legislator, both in ecclesiastical and secular matters. Conservative in his religious views, GOschel exerted consider able influence upon the Protestant Church in his day, and, above all, was instrumental in estab lishing the relation between theology and the Hegelian philosophy. His works include: Apho rismen ilber Nichtwissen end absolutes wissen (1829) ; Der Monismus des Gedankens (1832) ; Von den Beweisen fiir die Unsterblichkeit der inenschlichen Seele (1835) ; and Vortriige and Studien fiber Dante (1863).