In Criminal Cases. The apprehending or detaining of the person in order to be forth coming to answer an alleged or suspected crime. Quoted and adopted, as is also the distinction which follows, in County of Mont gomery v. Robinson, 85 111. 174; Hogan v. Stophlet, 179 Ill. 150, 53 N. E. 604, 44 L. R. A. 809 ; Ex parte-Sherwood, 29 Tex. App. 334, 15 S. W. 812.
The word arrest is said to be more properly used in civil cases, and cupprChencion in criminal. Thus, a man is arrested under a coins ad resporldendum, and apprehended under a warrant charging him with larceny.
Who may make. The person to whom the warrant is addressed is the proper per son in case a warrant has been issued, whether he be described by name; Salk. 176; Frost v. Thomas, 24 Wend. (N. Y.) 418; State v. Kirby, 24 N. C. 201; or by his office; 1 B. & C. 288; Russell v. Hubbard, 6 Barb. (N. Y.) 654. But, if the authority of the warrant is insufficient, he may be lia ble as a trespasser. See supra. A known officer need not show a warrant in making an arrest, but a special officer must if de manded; State v. Dula, 100 N. C. 423, 6 S. E. 89.
Any peace officer, as a justice of the peace; 1 Hale, Pl. Cr.. 86; sheriff ; 1 Saund. 77; 1 Taunt. 46; coroner ; 4 Bla. Com. 292 ; con stable; 32 Eng. L. & Eq. 783; Danovan v. Jones, 36 N. H. 246; or watchman; 3 Taunt. 14; 3 Campb. 420; may without a warrant arrest any person committing a felony in his presence; Wakely v. Hart, 6 Bina. (Pa.) 318 ; 3 Hawkins, Pl. Cr. 164 ; Shauley v. Wells, 71 Ill. 78; State v. Underwood, 73 Mo. 231; Boyd v. State, 17 Ga. 194; or com mitting a breach of the peace, during its con tinuance or immediately afterwards; 1 C. & P. 40; Taylor v. Strong, 3 Wend. (N. Y.) 384; Knot v. Gay, 1 Root (Conn.) 66 ; City Council v. Payne, 2 Nott. & DIT. (S. C.) 473; U. S. v. Hart, Pet. C. C. 890, Fed. Cas. No. 15,316; or if he is sufficiently near to hear what is said and the sound of the blows, al though he cannot see for the darkness; State v. McAfee, 107 N. C. 812, 12 S. E. 435, 10 L. R. A. 607; Johnson v. State, 30 Ga. 430; White v. Kent, 11 Ohio St. 550; Brooks v. Com., 61 Pa. 352, 100 Am. Dec. 645 ; or even to prevent the coiumission ; and such officer may arrest any one whom he reasonably sus pects of having committed a felony, whether a felony has actually been committed or not ; 3 Campb. 420; Rohan v. Sawin, 5 Cush.
(Mass.) 281; Eanes v. State, 6 Humphr. (Tenn.) 53, 44 Am. Dec. 289; Wakely v. Hart, 6 Binu. (Pa.) 316 ; Holley v. Mix, 3 Wend. (N. Y.) 350, 20 Am. Dec. 702; wheth er acting on his own knowledge or facts com municated by others ; 6 B. & C. 635 ; but not unless the offence amount to a felony; a Exch. 378; Rohan v. Sawin, 5 Cush. (Mass.) 281; Com. v. Carey, 12 id. 246; Com. v. Mc Laughlin, 12 id. 615. See Russ. & R. 329; Wright v. Coro., 85 Ky. 123, 2 S. W. 904. But a constable cannot arrest for an ordinary' misdemeanor without a warrant, unless pres ent at the time of the offence; Winn v. Hob son, 54 N. Y. Super. Ct. 330; North v. Peo ple, 139 Ill. 81, 28 N. E. 966 ;' Ross v. Leg gett, 61 Mich. 445, 28 N. W. 695, 1 Am. St. Rep. 608 ; Scott v. Eldridge, 154 Mass. 25, 27 N. E. 677, 12 L. It. A. 379; State v. David son, 44 Mo. App. 513.
A police constable may arrest for a breach of the peace committed in his sight; 4 H. & N. 265. If upon probable suspicion or a rea sonable charge made by a third person, he Lelieves•hat a felony (but not a misdemean or; 5 Exch. 378) has been committed he may arrest the 'person whom he believes to have committed the felony : 3 H. & N. 417. To do this he may break open doors. Blackstone (4 Com. 492) says he may kill the felon if necessary.
Mere impudence or abusive language to an officer does not justify arrest witiout a war rant; Pinkerton v. Verberg, 78 Mich. 573, 44 N. W. 579, 7' L. R. A. 507, 18 Am. St. Rep. 473 ; Jenkins v. State, 3 Ga. App. 146, 59 S. E. 435; or threats of injury to another offi cer; Giroux v. State, 40 Tex. 98; otherwise if there is interference with the performance of his duty; Montgomery v. Sutton, 67 Ia. 497, 25 N. W. 748; Myers v. Dunn, 126 Ky. 548, 104 S. W. 352, 13 L. R. A. (N. S.) 881, and note; or if the language amounts to a breach of the peace on a public street; State v. Appleton, 70 Kan. 217, 78 Pac. k45; Davis v. Burgess, 54 Mich. 514, 20 N. W. 540, 52 Am.