BEYOND SEAS. Out of the kingdom of England; out of the state; out of the Unit ed States. "Beyond seas" means, generally, without the jurisdiction of the state or gov ernment in which the question arises; 32 E. L. & Eq. 84; Forbes' Adm'r v. Foot's Adm'r, 2 McCord (S. C.) 331, 13 Am. Dec. 732 ; Galusha v. Cobleigh, 13 N. H. 79; Hatch v. Spofford, 24 Conn. 432.
It means "out of the United States;" Thurston v. Fisher, 9 S. & R. (Pa.) 288; Earle y. McDowell, 12 N. C. 16; Davie T. Briggs, 97 U. S. 638, 24 L. Ed. 1086; Kee ton's Heirs v. Keeton's Adm'r, 20 Mo. 530; Darling v. Meachum, 2 G. Greene (Ia.) 602. Other cases hold that it means out of the state; Byrne v. Crowninshield, 1 Pick. (Mass.) 263; Pancoast's Lessee v. Addison, 1 Harr. & S. (Md.) 350, 2 Am. Dec. 520 ; Forbes' Adm'r v. Foote's Adm'r, 2 McCord (S. C.) 331, 13 Am. Dec. 732 ; Mansell's Adm'r v. Israel, 3 Bibb (Ky.) 510 ; Houston v. Moore, 3 Wheat. (U. S.) 433, 4 L. Ed. 428; Galusha v. Cobleigh, 13 N. H. 86; Stephenson v. Doe, 8 Blackf. (Ind.) 515, 46 Am. Dec. 489 ; Richardson's Adm'rs v. Richardson's Adm'rs, 6 Ohio, 126, 25 Am. Dec. 745; Thomason v. Odum, 23
Ala. 486; Wakefield v. Smart, 8 Ark. 489. See also Sleght v. Kane, 1 Johns. Cas. (N. Y.) 76 ; and to this effect is the very uni form current of authorities.
In the various statutes of limitation the term "out of the state" is now generally used. And the United States courts adopt and follow the decisions of the respective states upon the interpretation of their re spective Shelby v. Guy, 11 Wheat. (U. S.) 361, 6 L. Ed. 495. What consti tutes absence out of the state within the meaning of the statute is wholly undetermin able by any rule to be drawn from the de cisionS. It seems to be agreed that tempo rary absence is not enough ; but what is a temporary absence is by no means agreed; Ang. Lim. § 200, n. Any place in Ireland was held to be "beyond the sea," under 21 Jac. I. c. 16; Show. 91; but this is chang ed by stat. 3 & 4 William IV. c. 27, which enacted that no part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, nor of the Channel Islands, should be deemed to be beyond seas within the meaning of the acts of limitation.