CONFEDERATE MONEY. Contracts made during the rebellidn in Confederate money may be enforced in the United States courts, and parties compelled to pay in law ful money of the United States the actual value of the notes at the time and place of contract; Effinger v. Kenney, 115 U. S. 566, 6 Sup. Ct. 179, 29 L. Ed. 495 ; and when pay ment was accepted and receipted for by the creditor, it was held to be a valid payment ; Glasgow v. Lipse, 117 U. S. 327, 6 Sup. Ct. 757, 29 L. Ed. 901. These notes were cur rency imposed upon the community by ir resistible force, and it must be considered in the courts of law the same as if it had been issued by a foreign government temporarily occupying a part of the territory of the United States ; Thorington v. Smith, 8 Wall.
(U. S.) 1, 19 L. Ed. 361; and a contract pay able in such notes was not invalid ; Hanauer v. Woodruff, 15 Wall. (U. S.) 448, 21 L. Ed. 224; Confederate Note Case, 19 Wall. (U. S.) 556, 22 L. Ed. 196 ; Stevens v. Griffith, 111 U. S. 50, 4 Sup. Ct. 283, 28 L. Ed. 348 ; CoOk v. Lillo, 103 U. S. 792, 26 L. Ed. 460 ; Stew art v. Salamon, 94 U. S. 434, 24 L. Ed. 275;
Rives v. Duke, 105 U. S. 132, 26 L. Ed. 1031; but where a contract was entered into be fore the war, and the deferred payments came due and were discharged with depre ciated currency, it was held, as against the non-ratification of the payment, to be void ; Opie v. Castleman, 32 Fed. 511.
After one has accepted payment in Confed erate money and acquiesces in the transac tion for fifteen years, he is concluded by ladies from disputing its validity; Wash ington v. Opie, 145 U. S. 214, 12 Sup. Ct. 822, 36 L. Ed. 680. Where payment was made in 1864 in such money, it was sufficient consid eration though it afterwards became worth less ; Dohoney v. Womack, 1 Tex. Civ. App. 354, 19 S. W. 883, 20 S. W. 950. The act of a fiduciary in accepting Confederate money in payment of debts due the estate and in vesting the proceeds in bonds of the Confed erate States issued for the avowed purpose of waging war against the United States is wholly illegal ; Opie v. Castleman, 32 Fed. 511.