The double and single cut-off s a w made by Beach.
Brown & Co., a 11 d shown in Fig. 7, con sists of a frame hav ing at the left-hand end a table which is permanently fixed to t h e carriage, while the right-hand table is free to move along the carriage, carrying with it a movable saw for cutting material of difTerent lengths. The carriage has a truss upon both the front and the back, preventing sagging or springing in the center, and rests upon four flanged differential wheels, having no fixed bearings and serving to lessen friction. The two wheels on the front, and also those on the back, are connected by shafts, so that the carriage moves square with the saws.
In one class of cheap rip-saw benches the machine may be changed from power feed to hand feed by raising the feed works, which are contained in a frame that is pivoted at one end of the machine. This feed is driven by belting, and carries the stuff along by the usual spur wheel having its axis and its plane of rotation parallel with those of the saw.
In one type of miter and bevel sawing machines the table is fixed in height, and has no adjustment at all ; but the saw arbor is raised and lowered in a gibbed frame at such an angle as to keep the belt tension constant ; a central, hand wheel in front of the machine accom plishing this adjustment. There is an adjustable bevel fence which works in a planed way to and from the saw, and can be set to different angles. The saw and its arbor can be set to any angle from the vertical plane to 45° by turning a hand wheel at the left of the machine, either while the machine is still or while it is running. This construction and arrangement render it unnecessary to provide more opening around the saw in the table for miter sawing with the saw tilted than with the saw in its vertical position. Having the table level and the saw tipped does away with the necessity of holding the material Co the table, as is often desirable where the table is tipped ; furthermore, very long stuff oloes not come in the way of the floor or of other objects.
A universal sawing machine, Fig. 8, made by H. E. Kidder, has a square box frame. the top of which has vertical adjustment, and is counterbalanced by a weight within. There is a spider rotating on a horizontal axis, and having three arms, each of which has an arbor for a saw or a cutter head, each arbor having two bearings.
On one end of each arbor is a saw or cut ter, and on the other a clutch which en gages with a sliding clutch on the driving shaft, making a continuous shaft when the spider is so rotated as to bring any one of the three arbors in line with the main driving shaft. On the outer end of the main or common shaft is a locking wheel, having three holes and three equi distant projections. Passing through the frame and entering the wheel is a locking pin, on the inner or opposite end of which is attached a fork pivoted to the frame, and the object of which is to disengage the sliding clutch On the driving shaft. The table is raised by a lever in front and clamped in any position.
It is of the utmost importance that lumber which is to be matched or jointed should be edged straight, for any irregularity in the edging will be followed by the matcher, and imperfect lumber will be the result. In a power-feed double edger made by the Lane Mann facturing Co. the boards are fed through the machine by an endless chain with barbed links, running over spocket wheels which are driven by a friction-feed box having three changes of feed. Heavy rolls in swing frames rest on the top of the board, holding it down to the bed. The barbed chain travels in a planed iron groove which guides it, and a brachial roll at the tail end of the machine causes the board to pass out in line with the chain feed.
There is a large class of circular sawing machines which may be considered under a miscellaneous heading ; as, for instance, slab slashers, slat-saws, picket machines, etc. A steam-feed lath machine, made by William E. Hill & Co., has a steam-cylinder feed with a carriage to receive the slab which is to be made into lath. This latter is placed on the car riage, which makes it into lath without its being previously butted. The same machine may be arranged to saw broom handles from cuts or small round legs, making from two to ten handles at a time, according to the size of the bolt or log. There are two circular saws on horizontal arbors, one in advance of the other, and there is a gang of smaller disks on the vertical rubber, back of the two vertical disks.