The following analyses arc of gases of an average quality. and not made under exceptional conditions: The Rose Process is a combined water and oil gas method, the principal object aimed at being the thorough decomposition of the hydrocarbons by injecting them in small quantities at a number of different points, thus avoiding the cooling down of the apparatus which would grow out of the introduction of large quantities of hydrocarbons at any one point. The process will he found fully described in United States letters patent to J. N. Rose, dated October 12. 1891, The Archer Process has recently been introduced into iron and steel works in the United States with very satisfactory results. Crude Lima oil is generally the fuel used, but other low-class oils or residuum left from crude oil after the illuminating oil has been removed are also suitable. The oil is forced by a small pump through a 4-in. pipe into the producer in which the gas is made. During its passage from the pump to the producer the oil is heated by passing through a coil of pipes forming part of the apparatus. On reaching the vaporizers the oil is brought into contact with steam. superheated in a similar manner, by which it is instantaneously decomposed, and a gas of great heating power is the result.
For heating purposes the gas is conveyed immediately as it is made through pipes to the fur nace or burner, where, by the admixtnre of atmospheric air, perfect combustion is obtained in the process of cunsunnption.
Taylor's „Re col ci ng Ifni tom Gas- Prod neer is shown in Fig. 5. The object of the revolving bottom is to avoid the difficulty of getting rid of the ash and clinker common to all the older forms of producers with stationary grates. The revolving bottom is of greater diameter than the bottom or the combustion-chamber, and placed at such a distance therefrom that, when it is revolved, the ash. which forms its own dome or slope at an angle of about 53°. is discharged uniformly by its own gravitation over• the periphery and into the sealed ash-pit below (which is under pressure), all without stopping the producer, or much interference with making gas. The grinding is done as fast as the aFti rises
too far above the central air and steam discharge, say every 6 to '24 hours, according to the rate of working. The door of the ash-1it is opened once a day for taking out the ash and clinker. The injected nig and steam are introduced through a central pipe and discharged radially therefrom, in order to prevent too much travel of the gas next the walls, which is the line of least resistance, the opening be ing placed at a point sufficiently high to clear the required bed of ash.
The .lnigirmeun Oil- G a Mach i ne, recently invented by E. P. Reichelin and George 31achlet, Jr., of the American Gas-Furnace Co., is described by the inventors as follows: The oil is disintegrated by contact with a powerful stream of air, which enters through the bottom of the generator. The resulting spray is driven successively through a num ber• of compartments closed by perforated disks, the holes in which are graded in fineness upward, each hole or per foration acting, as a spraying tube, and this spray becomes finer and finer until the topmost disk discharges a homogeneous mixture of air and atomized oil. The vio lent atomizing of the oil produces intense cold, and the moisture contained in the injected air is condensed and frozen into small bodies of ice. which return With the oil that does not pass from the generator as gas to a tank be low it, where it melts and deposits as water. The desired pressure in the generator and the proportionate supply of oil are maintained by self-acting devices. The oil ihg the generator unconverted is resubjected to the spraying, process until converted. The returning oil only collies in contact with the fresh air injected. while fresh oil. which is fed into a separate compartment, replaces the oil converted into ,gas. The gas is of good quality for mechanical purposes, producing a minimum of oxidation."