The boiler is shown in Fig. 66. It is of the sectional type, the water being car ried in a series of rings connected by in clined tubes that break joints. The boiler is double-jacketed to prevent loss of heat by radiation. A large dome on top is used to dry the steam. The water-supply is main tained by a pump worked from the main shaft, which forces the water through a coil heater, where it is subjected to the effects of the exhaust steam before entering the water-leg of the, boiler. The supply of water to the feed-pump is regulated by a ball float in a ease attached to the boiler, which, by means of levers, controls the amount de livered at. each revolution of the engine, and may he adjusted to maintain the desired level of water in the boiler under the vary ing loads to which the engine may be sub . jetted. The fuel is kerosene-oil of 110° to 115° tire-test (this grade giving the best re snits), atomized by a steam-jet, and con trolled by an automatic fire-regulator, that reduces Or cuts off entirely the supply of fuel when the steam-pressure reaches the limit at which the regulator is adjusted. This fire is easily controlled, and gives an even and constant supply of steam. The tank eontainhig the oil is placed on a suitable stand, the bottom being as high as or higher than the burner. The oil flows to the atomizer, and is regulated by the cup of the atomizer, as before stated, There is also an automatic self-closing valve located on the oil-pipe, that shuts off the oil when steam is shut off from the atomizer. either by hand or the action of the fire-regulator.
The Shipman Engine and Boiler. made by the Shipman Engine Co., Boston, is shown in Fig. 67. A sect ional view of the engine and n side view of the oonneeting-rod are shown in ttS. The holler used in engines of from 1 to 6 horse-power is shown in Fig. 69.
Tins motor is it pet rolemn-burning steam-engine, for use either on launches or in houses where a moderate amount of power is required. It is automatic, so that, when once steam has been generated in the boiler, practically no further attention is required beyond that of open ing and shutting the steam-valve whenever the engine is started or stopped, the fire, speed, and water-feed being so arranged as to attend to themselves. The engine is built upon the same frame as the boiler. This latter is composed of tubes about 18 in. long, which are screwed into a flat, oblong chamber at one end and closed at the other, and is fired externally. Two small aspirators or atomizers, taking steam from the boiler, suck up the petroleum, which is used as fuel, from a chamber below, and drive it into the furnaces in the form of a fine spray. A couple of torches ignite this spray as it passes inward, and the flames produced by its combustion rush round and among the boiler-tubes. The amount of steam and petroleum that is used by the atomizers is regulated by a diaphragm connected to a valve in the steam-pipe that supplies them. This diaphragm is exposed to the steam-pressure on the one side, and is held down by a spring, loaded to a certain pressure, on the other, and moves upward or downward ns the steam exerts more pressure titan the spring, or rice versa. Its movement is conveyed to the valve by
means of a rod, and it thus regulates the amount of steam passing at any moment to the atomizers. In this way the tire is made to vary inversely as the pressure in the boiler, and thus keeps the latter constant. The petroleum is stored in a tank at any convenient dis tance from the motor, and is led to it through a pipe having a regulating valve in it. The water in the boiler is kept at a constant level by means of a float, connected to a tap in the suction-pipe of the pump. This float is placed in a chamber, which is joined to the top and bottom of the boiler, and rises or falls with the level of the water. The movement is con veyed, through a stutling-box and by means of levers, to the tap in the suction-pipe, which it opens or closes as the water-level changes.
Allis's Hoisling-Eugine.—Fig. 70 shows a hoisting-engine built by the E. P. Allis Co., of Milwaukee. The drum is driven by a pair of Reynolds girder-frame Corliss engines. They are fitted with improved brake and reversing-gear, etc. The conical rope drum is 18 ft. in diameter at the large end. 8 ft. at the small end, and 12 ft. 9 in. long. The cylinders are 16 in. diameter by 30 in. stroke. Engines of this style are built with different sizes of drums and cylinders to suit the requirements of different locations.
The Dick d'• Church Tandent-Cumpound Engine, made by the Phenix Iron-Works Co., Meadville, Pa., is shown in Fig. 71. It is a t wo-cylintler compound, both cylinders being overhung. and vet supported from the bed independently of each other, so that they are free to expand and keep in perfect alignment, there being no excessive weight or strain upon either eylinder. The bed of the engine is made in two parts. the lower or sub-base extending the entire length of the machine, and having a hood at the rear end, to which is attached the low pressure cylinder. On this sub-base„ and bolted to it the same as to a foumlathin. stands the upper bed-ldate, on which are the main bearings, guides, and the overhanging- high-pressure cylinder. This is perhaps the principal distinctive fent nre of the engine. It allows each cyl inder to expand freely and independently of the other, and either cylinder is easy of neees for repairs without disturbing the other. The rod seen passing, over tate cylinders lies the two hoods together, making a rigid construction. The valve mechanism is so arranged that the point of ent-ntr for both cylinders is under the vont rol of the governor, and varies with the load, thus maintaining a proper distribution of load end temperatures between the two cylinders. The relative points of ent-olT can be adjusted by the engineer to suit varying con ditions, but 011M adjusted I hey vary together by the action of the governor, thus preventing abnormal variations in receiver pressure. The valves are of the donble-piston type, working in casings which are readily removable for repairs.