KING MACHINES. In the manufacture of both tight and slack barrels, and more especially in the latter, machinery is used in an extent which is increasing year by year; and the indications are that even in tight barrel-making, at least where the barrels are not to contain very expensive liquids, hand-work will be superseded by better and cheaper work clone by machinery. In this line there are but few manufacturers, and among these not more than one or two who make a full line. enabling a cooperage establishment to be started with facilities for making every part of every kind of a barrel. to be both made and put together by machinery. From the multiplicity of machines for making parts of barrels or for assem bling them into complete wholes, ready for shipment, we make but a limited selection.
&ace-jointer,—In the ordinary- stave-jointer there is employed a knife at least as long as the stave is to be, and having its edge ground to 0 double slope—that is, the blade has a straight back, lint is widest in the middle, its edge being composed of two straight lines meet ing at an obtuse angle. This gives a draw cut both ways from the center. The knife is also bent to a degree corresponding to the amount of bilge; and the shook being clamped in place, the knife, which slides guillotine-like, is brought down by foot-power and returned by springs.
Loci,,•-Crtlter.—'l'he power lock-cotter is used for cutting locks on wood barrel-hoops of different lengths and widths in their proper position, without the machine for hoops of different sizes, and chamfering the ends of the hoops. There is it rotary cutter-head bearing cutters which are nearly straight on their edges. This cutter-head is so formed that the hoop c•an he and is pressed against it without danger of drawing the hoop into it. The clamp that holds the hoop while being cut is adjustable horizontally and vertically, giving capacity for changing the form of the lock and of the hook.
A a Automatic IThop-Coiling Machine is shown in Fig. 1, This serves for coiling slack barrel and keg hoops of various sizes and lengths. There is a circular head about which the hoops are coiled, which is driven by an in ternal friction gear attached to the bac•I; end of the head spindle, and is operated by a tar board friction-pulley rnoning in lever-boxes, and which are connected to it foot-lever. One end of the hoop to be coiled is inserted in an open slot in the rotating head while the ma chine is in motion, firmly securing the end of the hoop to the head while coiling around the click. Each succeeding hoop is fed into the
nrac•hine at the proper time to allow the ceding loop to form a lap. A steel spring is used in binding the coil firmly together. The end of the last hoop is sec•nred to the coil by a single nail. The cone-shaped rollers shown in the figure in front of the face-plate serve as guides in keeping the hoops snug against the face-plate. 'Phrase rollers arc attached to a sliding carriage which has an adjustable weight for giving proper tension to the rollers from the face-plate. A three-armed spider back of the face-plate, with the arms projecting through it, slides in a horizontal phone with the rolls. After the coil is finished the weight of the operator's foot upon the lever simultaneously earries the rolls and the spider forward enongh to have the coil clear the disk, when the coil is antomatioally discharged from the machine without stopping. The capacity of the machine is from 1.500 to 1,S00 hoops per limn•, A Compound Iloop-Ouicle and ll'ood Jlarbine, for guiding w!tiod hoops on to barrels in process of manufacture, is formed by coned sections attached to and controlled by slides and :springs, and in and out hy turning a hand-wheel. it is used in connec tion with the hoop-driving machine of the same firm, which is driven by a emnbination of friction and screw power•, which moves the driving arms and drivers up and down. the up ward motion being more rapid than the downward, and the sectional drivers which move the hoop nearly surround t he barrel, being circular in form. In using this machine in connection with the hoop-guide, the guide is placed on the head of the barrel, and a hand-wbeel is turned, which IIII/VOS out the cone sections a little beyond the edge of the end of the barrel. The wood hoops are then placed on the cone, and the hoop-drivers receive them and drive them to their proper position. In driving the soinll hoops, the cone-sect i1111!•+ recede to the size of the hoop and guide it on to the barrel. Both the hoop-guide and the hoop-driver are adjust able fur different sized barrels. This maelline and the guide fill a place in the line of labor saving machines for making wood-bound barrels for liquors, Basic Process : see Steel Manufacture.