-SNAP SHOTS.
Instantaneous exposures, or " snap shots ", as they are more frequently called, are usually made while the camera is held in the hand and are about the first thing that the amateur attempts. Some learned writers deprecate this, but as snap shots are the simplest exposures to make and ordinarily the simplest to develop, because most likely to be correctly timed, we believe the amateur should begin his photographic career with this class of work.
Before making an exposure, either time or instantaneous, be sure of four things : FIRST—That the shutter is set properly. (For time or instantaneous exposures as desired.) SECOND—That the proper stop is in position before the lens.
THIRD—That an unexposed section of the film is turned into position, or that an unexposed plate is in position and that the dark slide has been removed.
FOURTH—Unless the camera has a fixed focus see that it is properly focused on the pi-J./lc/pa/0/6y/ to be photographed.
To take instantaneous pictures the object must be in the broad, open sunlight, but the camera should not be. The sun should be behind the back or over the shoulder of the operator.
NOTE 1—Effective pictures may frequently be made hy working- toward the 51111, shading the lens to keep out direct sunlight when so doing, but the amateur should not attempt such work at the start.
Set the focus by placing the pointer over the figures on the index plate nearest the estimated distance of the _principal object to be photographed in feet.
lt is not necessary to estimate the distance with any more than approx imate accuracy. For instance, if the focus is set at 25 feet (the usual distance for ordinary street \\ ork), the sharpest part of the pidure will be the objeas at that distance from the camera, but everything from 15 to 35 feet will be in good focus. For general street work the focus may be kept
at 5o feet, but where the principal object is nearer or farther away the focus should be moved accordingly.
It is imperative that a large stop be used in making snap shots. \Vith most cameras the largest stop must be used under ordinary conditions \vith bright sunlight. This is the case with all of the single lens Kodaks. With the double lens Kodaks use No. S stop. See page 13.
This size stop must be used for snap shots except where the sunlight is unusually strong and there are no heavy shadows, such as views on the water, or in tropical or semi-tropical climates, when the next smaller stop may be used.
The smallest stop must never be used for snap shots or absolute failure will result.
Holding the camera steadily, locate the image in the finder. The finder gives the exad scope of view and shows on a reduced scale just what will be in the pidlure—no more, no less.
The camera must be held level.
If the operator attempts to pho tograph a tall building, while stand ing near it, by pointing upward (thinking thereby to center it) the result will be similar to Fig. i.
This was pointed too high. This building should have been taken from the middle story window of the building opposite.
The operator should hold the camera level, after withdrawing to a proper distance, as indicated by the image shown in the finder. Some cameras are equipped with a rising and sliding front to assist in taking in the tops of tall buildings, etc. See page 2 I .
All being in readiness