Potato tuber 1.1 Wheat kernel 8.0 Wheat meal 0.7 Maize kernel 5.5 Barley do 8 0 Oat do 10.8 Buckwheat kernel.... ..... 15.0 Red clover plant in flower 10 Red clover bay 84 Timothy bay 23 +.
Maize cobs, 38 Oat straw 40 Wheat straw 48 Rye straw 54 The cuts showing vegetable cellulose and starch, are ex plained as follows: In the illus tration, Fig. I, the numeral 1' shows tbe fibre of cotton in its natural state highly magnified; 2 shows the same, subjected to the action of strong sul phuric acid; 3 shows how the cellulose is changed by being subjected, first to tincture, of iodine, followed by commer cial sulphuric acid, and, im mediately after, io concen trated sulphuric acid. The fibres are thus reduced to a starchy condition, and appear in the form of discs or beads.
4 shows a fibre of flax, mag-. nified, in its natural state; 5 shows the same treated with concentrated sulphuric acid; 6 and 7, the same when acted on by the tincture of iodine and acids as described in cot ton fibres. 8, 9 and 10 show some of the forms of heart, liver, muscle, etc. ; that is, structural cellulose found in them. In Fig. II, the num _ _ eral 1 is similar) 2 and 3, and the other forms not numbered, are produced from 1 by using extra acid, and sometimes fric tion. The illustration is given
simply to show the forms as sumed by cellulose and starch under a high magnifying pun o p•J GA T MULL " body, is treated, very frequently with and acid tests, it becomes yellow or amber-colored; and when the fine sawdust of box-wood is similarly treated, it appears, when viewed under the micro scope, of three colors, amber, green, and blue; but the latter color appears in very small quanti ties. Chitine, the cellulose of insects, is stained yellow, and is supposed by some chemists to be combined with nitrogen. Color can not be relied on wholly as a test for cellulose, since it assumes so many colors under treatment with iodine and acid. The following colors are frequently observed when treating cellulose and starch with iodine and sulphuric acid; purple, bluish purple, green, yellow-amber, reddish-amber, pale-blue, deep-blue, and a translucent amyla ceous white. When starch is acted on by sul phuric acid alone, it dissolves, and is partially carbonized.