Little Giant Oil Engine Water Chicago Pneu matic Tool Co., on their Little Giant engine, use a governor controlled bleeder valve. This valve is connected to the Pickering governor by a link, and the movement of the governor on load changes alters the valve opening. The action of the valve itself is subject to the influences that act on a manual-controlled bleeder valve, as the timing of the water injection is not Positive. A globe valve is used to give the proportion of water to fuel charge at any given load value.
Bessemer Oil Engine Water Injection Bessemer water injection is controlled by a water pump embodied in the fuel pump casting. The stroke of the water pump is under direct control of the engine governor through a floating fulcrumcd lever. This lever is adjustable, enabling the operator to regulate the amount of water used on any given load. The governor then automatically controls the water for any other given load, pro portioning the water injection in accordance with the quantity of fuel injected.
Engines Without Water Injection.—As has been mentioned heretofore, a number of engines, such as the Fairbanks-Morse and the De La Vergne, operate "dry," making no use of water injection as a temperature control but depending on the water cooling of the combustion chamber to keep the temperature of the combustion chamber within the desirable range. Others use a simple bleeder valve.
General.—If an engine using water injection is to be purchased, automatic control of the water should be insisted upon. All
manufacturers are in a position to supply the automatic control if the purchaser makes it one of the conditions of the sale. If an engine already installed has a manual-controlled bleeder valve, the operator should early decide that it will be impossible to alter the valve setting at each change of load. The proper method is to adjust the valve to suit average load conditions. If the engine, momentarily, has a heavier load to handle, the operator should allow the engine to pound a little; as long as the preignitions are not violent, the water valve should not be touched. If the load becomes less than normal, the water will be excessive and the engine will probably miss an occasional explosion. This miss firing should be allowed to occur as long as the engine does not begin to "hunt." The operator cannot afford to spend his time in adjusting the bleeder valve to conform to every load change.
Manipulations of the Water Injection.—On starting the engine, the water valve should be shut off entirely. If it be a pump feed, the pump should have its stroke reduced to the minimum. After the engine has been started and the load thrown on, the water should be increased until all premature explosions have been subdued. The amount of water supplied should never be so plentiful as to unduly chill the combustion chamber or bulb. Usually a cold bulb is evidenced by missed explosions, "hunting" of the engine and occasional violent preignitions as well as a liquid exhaust.