Improvement In The Construction
Improvement In The Construction Of Terra-cotta Kilns. The Object Of The Arrangement Shown In Figs. 191 To 193 Is To Modify The Construction Of The Doors Of Kilns For Burning Terra-cotta In Such A Way That The Heat Will Be Distributed Equally Through The Door And The Other Parts, So ...
Instructions
Instructions. As Soon As The Brick Leave The Press Take A Very Soft Brush And Stroke Over The Parts About To Be Enameled To Remove All Oil That May Have Got On While Pressing (use Paraffin And Sweet Oil To Press With) ; After This Take A Similar Soft Brush ...
Kaolin Or China Clay
Kaolin Or China Clay. Kaolin Is The Name Given By The Chinese To The Fine White Clay Used In Making Porcelain. It Is Furnished By The Decom Position Of Granite And Other Rock, The Constituents Of Which Are Quartz, Mica, And Feldspar, The Mouldering Or Decomposition Being Caused By The ...
Kilns The
Kilns. The Question Of What Method Of Burning To Adopt Or What Class Of Kilns To Employ Is One Which Must Be Largely Governed By Local Circumstances. If The Works Are Not Located Near Clay Fields Which Promise To Yield Clay In Sufficient Quantities To Warrant The Erection Of Permanent ...
Machine For Cutting Sewer Pipe
Machine For Cutting Sewer-pipe Rings. The Machine Shown In Figs. 146 To 152 Is For Cutting Rings From Clay-pipe While In The Green Or Undried Condition In Which They Are Formed ; And Which Rings Are Designed, After Burning, To Be Employed In The Construction Of Drains And Sewers. The ...
Machine For Moulding Roofing Tile
Machine For Moulding Roofing-tile From Plastic Clay. The Machine Shown In Figs. 249 To 252 Is Especially De Signed For The Formation Of Roofing-tile From Plastic Clay. The Main Features Of The Invention Consist Of A Series Of Sim Ilar Lower Dies Attached To A Revolving Horizontal Table, And Brought ...
Machines For Forming Sockets
Machines For Forming Sockets On Curved Earthenware Pipes. The Contrivances Employed For Forming Sockets On Curved Earthenware Pipes Are Also Very Ingenious, And In Order To Ex Plain The Machine Used For This Purpose It Is Necessary To State That Ordinarily To Form Such Sockets On Sections Of Straight Pipe, ...
Making
Making. Any Good Wire-cut Brick Machine Can Be Used For Making The Brick, Provided Only Water From The Lubricating Die Is Allowed To Come In Contact With The Clay While It Is Being Moulded. In England Nearly All Brick Which Are To Be Enameled Are Made By Hand. It Is ...
Making Curved Earthenware Pipes
Making Curved Earthenware Pipes Of Equal Thickness On All Sides. The Curves, Elbows, And Traps For Sewer-pipe Are Now Also Made By Machines Especially Constructed For The Purpose, Which Are So Arranged That By Moving A Plate Placed Over The Mouth Of The Die The Clay Can Be Made To ...
Methods Employed By Various
Methods Employed By Various Manufacturers Of Paving Brick. Mr. Beattie Says : " The Brick That We Are Making In Atchi Son, Kansas, Is Made Out Of A Blue-colored Shale That Is Very Hard. We Have To Use Dynamite To Blast It. The Manner In Which We Became Engaged In ...
Mining Clay For Building Brick
Mining Clay For Building-brick. One Of The Great Difficulties Usually Encountered By The Man Ufacturers Of Building-brick Who Have Established Extensive Works Near Large Bodies Of Clay Is To Get Sufficient Clay Dug, Loaded, And Elevated To Meet The Demand For The Material. Along The Banks Of The Ohio River ...
Mining And Marketing Fire Clays
Digging, Mining And Marketing Fire-clays. The Extraction Of The Clays, Feldspar, Kaolins, Fire-sand And Other Materials Occurring In The Plastic Clay Belt Of The State Of New Jersey, Is Mostly Accomplished By Digging Pits In The Beds Worked, The Overlying Strata Having Been Previously Removed. The Removal Of The Superficial ...
Modeling Terra Cotta
Modeling Terra-cotta. Considering The Fact That This Is A Great Time For The Revival Of Lost Or Neglected Arts, It Is Not Surprising That Modeling Of Terra-cotta Should Have Been Given A High Place, It Is A Kind Of Work Eminently Adapted For Amateurs, And Those Who Con Template Making ...
Moulding Stiff Clay Brick
Moulding Stiff-clay Brick. For The Moulding Of Stiff-clay Brick Many Different Machines Have Been Made, And England And Germany Stand Prominent With The United States In The Construction Of Suitable Machinery For This Purpose. We Have Selected Such Machines Of This Class As Seem To Have The Most Prominent Features, ...
Moulding And Pressing
Moulding And Pressing. On This Point, Mr. G. H. Brown Speaks As Follows : " Having Got Your Clay Well Tempered,' The Next Thing Is To Pass It Through A Machine Which Will Compress The Utmost Amount Of Clay Into A Given Space. Your Bar Of Clay Must Be As ...
Moulding The Clay
Moulding The Clay. The Moulder Is The Head Of Each Moulding Gang; All Com Plaints Against Him, His Wheeler, Or His Off-bearer Are Made To Him, And He Sees That Any Imperfections In The Brick Are Rem Edied. It Is The Duty Of Each Moulder To Get The Moulding Sand ...
Moulding The Gluts
Moulding The Gluts. " In Coming To The First Crude Form In Which Pressed Brick Are Generally Moulded After Selecting And Preparing The Clays, We Shall More Particularly Speak Of Such Brick As They Are Gen Erally Made In The East, That Is, What Is Termed A Regular Hand Made ...
Niedergeszess Patent Lubricating Brick
Niedergeszess Patent Lubricating Brick Die. This Die Consists Of A Number Of Parts, As Shown In Fig. 25. Number 462 Is The Casing Proper, Which Contains All The Parts Represented As Spread Out Below. This Bolts On To The Mouth Of The Machine. On Top Of This Casing Two Bolts ...
Ornamental Brick
Ornamental Brick. Ornamental Brick Are Usually Made In The Same Manner As Fine Pressed Brick ; The Quantities Produced For A Day's Work Are Less, But Vary With The Size And Complications Of The Designs. In The Year 1884 The Perfection Press Was Invented And Patented By Mr. C. W. ...
Paving Brick Clays
Paving-brick Clays. The Problem To Be Solved In The Production Of Street-paving Brick Is Principally That Of Compounding Clays, Or Of Selecting Clays With A Special View To Manufacturing Tough Vitrified Brick. In A Large Number Of Localities In The United States There Are Shale Clays Which Are By Nature ...
Paving Brick Plant Construction
Paving-brick Plant Construction. There Is No Fixed Rule Which Can Be Followed In Constructing Paving-brick Plants. Mr. Eudaly, Who Has Had A Large Exper Ience In This Class Of Work, Names The Following General Features Which Should Be Observed : First .. The Dry Pans Or Crushers Should Be So ...
Permanent Kiln Roofs
Permanent Kiln Roofs. By Having The Roof Permanent, A Great Saving Of Labor In Taking Off And Putting On An Ordinary Wooden Roof Is Effected, And The Waste Incident To The Repeated Handling Of The Boards Is Obviated. It Renders The Brickmaker Independent Of The Weather, As His Kiln Is ...
Preparing And Handling Clay
Preparing And Handling Clay For Build The Factory Near The Clay—it Is Better For The Farmers To Haul The Tile A Long Distance Than For The Maker Of Tile To Haul The Clay. With The Factory Located, And The Capital Small And The Demand For Tile Likely To Be Limited, ...
Pressed Or
Pressed Or Front Brick Are Produced By A Combination Of The Hand-made And The Machine Processes. The Finishing Of Brick Of This Class Is Sometimes Done In A Press Run By Steam-power. The Usual Way Is To Mould The Brick By Hand And Make Them Slightly Larger Than The Size ...
Pressing
Pressing. When The Brick Have Remained On The Floor A Sufficiently Long Time To Allow Them To Become Hard Enough To Handle Without Marking Them, They Should Be Carefully Taken From Off The Floor And Placed In A Cool Location And Covered Over With Canvas Or Sacking And Allowed To ...
Pug Mills
Pug-mills. Fig. 23 Illustrates The No. 2 Pug-mill Built By The Frey Sheckler Co. This Pug-mill Has A Shell Made Of Boiler Steel, 8 Feet Long. It Cast-iron Ends. There Are Two Patterns For Ends, At The Discharge Of Mill; In One Of Them The Opening Is Very Large ; ...
Pug Mills
Pug-mills. The Pug-mill Is An Iron Shaft With Knives Of The Same Material About Eighteen Inches Long, Two And A Half Inches Wide, And Three-eighths Of An Inch Thick, Extending From The Shaft In Four Directions, But So Placed That One Does Not Follow Directly Under The Other. To Trace ...
Recent Progress Made In
Recent Progress Made In Burning Brick. The Progress Recently Made In Burning Brick Has Been Almost As Rapid As The Improvements In The Machinery, Even If It Has Not Reached The Same Perfection. We Are Indebted To Wingard, Morrison, Eudaly, And Melcher For Their Square-top Kilns, And For Superseding The ...
Regenerative Kilns
Regenerative Kilns. The Objects Of All Late Improvements In The Regenerative Kilns Are To Thoroughly Mix The Air And Gas Burned In Such Kilns And To Effect A Better Diffusion, Regulation, And Equaliza Tion Of The Heat Obtained From Their Combustion. These Objects Are Best Effected By Constructing In The ...
Ring Pits
Ring-pits. The Next Manner Of Tempering Clay Is By The Ring-pits, Which Usually Furnish Clay For Six Gangs, And Are Run Either By Horse Or Steam Power. These Pits Are About Twenty Feet In Diameter, Two Feet In Depth, And Commonly Hold Clay Sufficient To Make Fourteen Thousand Brick ; ...
Selecting And Preparing The
Selecting And Preparing The Clays.-" Weathering." " First In Order We Will Try And Give You Our Ideas On The Se Lecting And Preparing Of The Clays Or Raw Material To Be Used In The Manufacture Of Pressed Brick. Of Course All Sections Of The Country Do Not Have Just ...
Setting
Setting. After The Brick Have Been Enameled And Are Perfectly Dry They Are Taken From The Boards In The Drying Room, And After Being Placed On The Flat-top Spring Barrows, Care Being Ob Served That The Brick Are So Placed On The Barrows As Not To Touch Each Other, They ...
Setting Brick In The
Setting Brick In The All Brick-makers Recognize The Importance Of Properly Burn Ing Their Wares. This Cannot Be Done, However Skilful The Burner May Be Or How Good The Kiln, Unless The Brick Have Been Properly Set In The Kiln ; And Much Of The Bad Burning Is Due To ...
Setting The Brick
Setting The Brick. " The Setting Or Placing Of The Brick In The Kiln Is A Part Of The Work That We Must Depend On To A Great Extent To Have The Pressed Brick Well Burnt. "the Idea Which Has Been Gaining Ground For Some Years That Brick Cannot Be ...
Setting The Green Brick
Setting The Green Brick In The Kiln. The Brick Having Been Moulded And Dried, The Next Step Is That Of Setting Or Placing Them In The Kiln Preparatory To Burn Ing, Which Work Is Generally Done By Task, And Usually By A Force Of Five Men, Called The "setting Gang," ...
Silica Fire Brick
Silica Fire-brick. This Class Of Refractory Brick, Also Called " Dinas" Fire-brick And British Silica Fire-brick, Consists Almost Entirely Of Silica, And Was Invented By The Late Mr. W. Weston Young, A Land Surveyor, Of Newton-nottage, Glamorganshire, Wales. The Company First Established To Manufacture This Kind Of Brick Was Organized ...
Some Ornamental Tiles
Ornamental Tiles, Some Years Ago A Learned Italian Found In An Old Library In Some Years Ago A Learned Italian Found In An Old Library In The City Of Florence A Manuscript Of The Fifteenth Century On The Art Of Painting, In Which The Author Traces The History Of The ...
Starting And Managing A
Starting And Managing A Plant. There Are A Large Number Of Capitalists Embarking In The Manufacture Of Street-paving Brick, Men Who Make A Success Of Their Undertakings By Surrounding Themselves With The Best Experience And Knowledge Obtainable. On This Point Mr. Wm. H. Brush, Of Buffalo, N. Y., Says : ...
Steam Dry Floors
Steam Dry Floors. A Good Method For Drying Brick Is To Employ An Iron Floor, Hued Underneath, The Exhaust Steam From The Engine Being Turned Under The Floor Loose. In Constructing A Drying Floor Of This Kind The Following Are Good Directions, Which May Be Varied To Suit Special Circum ...
Tempering And Preparing Clay
Tempering And Preparing Clay. In Early Days, For Tempering Clay Men First Spaded And Then Stamped It With Their Feet ; Next Oxen Trod, Afterward The Gum, Later Horses And Wheel, Finally The Steam Wheel Took The Place Of Horses For Tempering The Clay. Then In Turn The Steam Wheel ...
Tempering Of The Clay
Tempering Of The Clay. Various Methods For Tempering Clay Are In Use In Different Parts Of The Country, The Hand-method, The Pug-mill, The Ring Pit, And The Combined Clay-rolls And Pug-mill Being Used. The Hand-method Of Tempering Is Sometimes Used In Country Places, And The Clay By This Process Is ...
Terra Cotta
Terra-cotta Is To-day The Most Available Material Used For The Construction Of Buildings Of All Classes And Forms. It Is, In Fact, The Concrete Part Of Them. It Is, As Well, Indispensable In Every Assemblage Of Artistic Architectural Ornamentation And Has Virtually Taken The Place Of Stone, And Is Now ...
Terra Cotta Clays
Terra-cotta Clays. In The Manufacture Of Terra-cotta In England An Important Clay Has Long Been The Potter's Clay Of North Devon And Dor Setshire, The Analysis Of Which, By Weston, Is As Follows:— North-devon. Alumina . 29.38 Silica 52.06 Lime 0.43 Magnesia . 0.02 Iron Oxide Potash 2.29 Soda 2.56 ...
The Dunnachie Kiln
The Dunnachie Kiln. Mr. James Dunnachie, Of The Glenboig Union Fire-clay Works, Glasgow, Scotland, Has Recently Perfected An Improved Regenerative Kiln For Burning Fire-brick, Which Is Constructed Upon The Principles Just Described, And For Which Charles T. Davis, Of Washington, D. C., Is The Agent In The United States. Figs. ...
The Floor
The Floor. The Heating Of A Brick-making Floor Is One Of Great Import Ance, And Requires Most Careful Consideration As To Its Construc Tion. How Many Floors Have Been Laid On Most Costly Systems, Only To Be Removed As Unsatisfactory, Or Have Required Endless Repairs To Keep Them In Order, ...
The History Of Brick
The History Of Brick. There Is Little Doubt That Clay, In Combination With Such There Is Little Doubt That Clay, In Combination With Such Materials As Would Bind It Together In A Compact Mass, Was Employed In The Structure Of The Primitive Human Dwelling. In Course Of Time This Method ...
The Manufacture Of Clay Dust
The Manufacture Of Clay-dust Tiles Having Surfaces In Relief Or Intaglio. Fig. 207 Is A Plan Of A Tile With An Intaglio Figure Thereon, Representing Its Use As A Mould. Fig. 208 Is A Plan Of A Tile With A Figure In Relief Thereon, Also Representing Its Use As A ...
The Manufacture Of Dry Clay
The Manufacture Of Dry-clay Brick. The Term Dry-clay As Applied To The Manufacture Of Brick Is To A Certain Extent A Misnomer ; It Would Be More Truthful To Say Semi-dry-clay Brick, For The Clay For The Manufacture Of Brick By The Dry-clay System Is Gathered With A View To ...
The Manufacture Of Enameled
The Manufacture Of Enameled The Art Of Enameling Brick Is Older Than Recorded History. It Was Practiced In Assyria, Babylonia And Chaldea. The Moors Brought The Art With Them From The East When They Ex Tended Their Domain Into Spain And Over Western Europe. The Moors Derived Their Knowledge From ...
The Manufacture Of Fire Brick
The Manufacture Of Fire-brick ; Silica Fire-brick ; Bon Fire-brick For Furnaces; Glass Pots And Gas Retorts. The Essential Qualities Of A Good Fire-brick May Be Stated As Follows: First, Infusibility; Second, Regularity Of Shape And The Power To Retain It Under All Circumstances, Which Involves Per Fect Uniformity Of ...
The Manufacture Of Mosaics
The Manufacture Of Mosaics And Imitation Inlaid Or Intarsia Surfaces. This Beautiful Method Of Cementing Various Kinds Of Stones, This Beautiful Method Of Cementing Various Kinds Of Stones, Glass, Etc., Seems To Have Originated In Persia, Whence It Found Its Way Into Greece In The Time Of Alexander, And Into ...
The Manufacture Of Roofing Tiles
The Manufacture Of Roofing-tiles ; The Glazing Of Roofing-tiles. The Word Tile Does Not Often Occur In The Bible ; But That Tiles Were Used In Very Ancient Times, Not Only In Buildings, But Also For Many Purposes For Which We Employ Paper, There Is Not The Least Doubt, And ...
The Manufacture Of Sewer Pipe
The Manufacture Of Sewer-pipe. The Clay From Which Sewer-pipe Are Made Is A Grade Of Fire Clay. Much Care Is Required To Be Exercised By Those Who Select The Clay From Which Sewer-pipe Are Manufactured. The Coarse, Open, Non-plastic Clay Used For Fire-brick Will Not Answer The Required Purpose. Earthenware ...