Accumulations Of Oil And
Accumulations Of Oil And Gas A Commercial Accumulation Of Oil And Gas May Be Possible Several Requirements Must Be Fulfilled. We Must Have A Porous Rock Such As A Sandstone, Either The Consolidated Or Unconsolidated Type, Or A Suitable Form Of Limestone To Act As A Reservoir. These Rocks By ...
Bringing In Wells
"bringing In" Wells A Strictly "wild-cat" Country, Only The Geological Informa Tion Gathered In The Field May Be Employed As To The Proper Horizon That Is Looked For. In Most Instances, However, Although Wells Are Some Distance From Production, The Various Strata Are Well Known And The Formations Recognized From ...
Completion Of Wells
Completion Of Wells A Well Is "brought-in" And Classed As A Producer, The Well Is Put In Shape For Production. Gas Wells Require That A String Of Tubing Be Set, In Most Cases Its Bottom Being Above The Sand With A Packer To Prevent The Entrance Of All Foreign Material ...
Composition And Properties Of
Composition And Properties Of Oil And Gas Natural Gas Are Among The Most Important Natural Resources Of The Present Day. From The Crude Petroleum Refined Products Are Obtained By Various Processes Of Distillation, And Natural Gas Is Utilized Wherever Heat And Fire May Be Needed, With Excellent Results. Oil And ...
Drilling Methods
Drilling Methods Oil Or Gas May Be Obtained It Is Necessary That A Hole Be Bored Or Drilled Through The Formations In Order That The Producing Horizon May Be Tapped. The Most Common Methods Employed For Drilling Arc The Rotary And Cable Systems. The Choice Depends Upon The Character Of ...
Farm Maps
Farm Maps Farm Maps, As The Name Implies, Show The Size, Extent And Shape, As Well As The Ownership Of The Farms. (fig. 35.) The Best Farm Maps Are Made With The Topographic Map Used As A Base; That Is, The Topographic Map Is Enlarged, Generally To A Scale Of ...
Gauging Oil And Gas
Gauging Oil And Gas Wells After The Water And Sediments Have Been Drawn Off, He Inserts A Rod Graduated To Quarter Inches, By Means Of Which The Number Of Inches Of Oil In The Tank Is Found. This Information Enables Us To Compute The Number Of Barrels In A Tank ...
General Geology
General Geology It Is Known That The Earth Is A Large Sphere Of About 8000 Miles In Diameter, Having A Comparatively Thin Rocky Crust, Or Lithosphere, With Which The Geologist Is Mainly Con Cerned, As It Is The Only Accessible Portion Of The Earth For A Gen Eral Study. Oil ...
Geological Field Work
Geological Field Work Object Of The Field Examination Of A Prospect Is To Collect Data From Which Structural And Other Maps May Be Constructed. The Methods Employed Are, The Reconnaissance Survey Or Pre Liminary Examination, During Which The Probable Key-horizons May Be Found, The Various Wells That Have Been Drilled ...
Geological Formations
Geological Formations The Geological Column Has Been Divided Into Four Great Sec Tions Known As Eras Or Groups And Beginning With The Oldest Are Known As The Eozoic, Paleozoic, Mesozoic And Cenozoic Eras. Each Era Is Divided Into Several Ages Called Periods Or Systems, Which Are In Turn Further Subdivided ...
Geological Maps
Geological Maps Maps Dealing With The Various Phases Of Geology, Such As Areal Geological Maps, Structure Maps, Isobath, Isochore, Iso Pachous And Other Similar Maps Are Considered Under This Heading. Areal Geological Maps. These Maps Show The Location Of The Geological Formations That Outcrop At The Surface; The Value Of ...
Increasing Production
Increasing Production An Attempt To Get The Full Benefit Of The Oil Or Gas In The Pay Sand,' It Requires Careful Attention And The Employment Of Such Handling As Will Bring The Desired Results. The Ordinary Methods Require That The Wells Be Taken Care Of In A Proper Manner, And ...
Methods Of Locating Wells
Methods Of Locating Wells The Examination Of The Geological Conditions In The Field, Coupled With All Available Data, We May, By A Systematic Study, Make The Location For A Prospect Or An Off-set Well Intelli Gently. In A "wild-cat" Territory The Initial Test Should Be Made On The Highest Point ...
Origin Of Oil And
Origin Of Oil And Gas Inorganic Theories. The Followers Of The Inorganic Theory Base Their Statements On The Assumption That As Hydrocarbons, Resembling Petroleum, Have Been Produced'in The Laboratory By The Action Of Carbonic Acid Upon Alkali Metals, That Similar Reactions,may Take Place At Great Depths And That Hydrocarbon Compounds ...
Scouting Oil
Scouting Oil And Gas Companies Operating In Any Territory Are Kept Informed Of The Field Developments By Their Scouting Department. It Is The Duty Of This Department To Keep In Touch With The Field Operations Of Other Companies From Day To Day And Report Same So That The Maps May ...
Sedimentation
Sedimentation It Is Well Known That The Original Surface Of The Earth Has Under Gone A Great Change. The Gases Of The Atmosphere, Such As Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide And Water Vapor Are Very Strong Agents Of Erosion; The Rocks Being Exposed To Atmospheric Influences Are Constantly Denuded By The ...
Structure
Structure Various Deformations Of The Strata That Are Considered As Favorable Mediums For The Accumulation Of Oil And Gas Are Known As Structures By The Oil Man And Geologist. The Various Structures That Have More Or Less Bearing On The Accumulation And Location Of Wells Are The Anticlines, Synclines, Noses, ...
Surveying Instruments And Methods
Surveying Instruments And Methods Maps Used In The Every-day Work Of The Oil Man Are Constructed By Various Surveying Methods. The Information Desired Is Obtained By The Measurements Of Horizontal And Vertical Distances And Angles. These May Be Obtained By One Or A Combination Of Several Methods. The Measurements Of ...
The Effect Of Structure
The Effect Of Structure Upon Accumulations Value Of A Structure For Commercial Accumulations Depends Upon The Effective Porosity And The Extent Of A Sand Body, In Which Gravitational Separation May Take Place. It Is A Well Known Fact That Gas, Oil And Water If Placed In A Closed Vessel, Will ...
The Plane Table
The Plane Table A Plane Table Consists Of An Alidade Carrying A Line Of Sight Attached By A Support To A Ruler With A Fiducial Edge. The Alidade Is Free To Move On A Drawing Board Mounted On A Tripod And The Table Is Leveled By Means Of Plate Levels. ...
The Producer And Landowner
The Producer And Landowner Relation Existing Between The Petroleum Miner And The Land Owner Is The Same As That Of One Business Man To Another. The Producer Believing That Certain Land May Be Of Value As An Oil Or Gas Prospect Will Make Arrangements With The Owner Of The Land ...
The Transit
The Transit The Engineer's Transit Consists Of An Alidade, Carrying A Line Of Sight, Attached To An Inner Vertical Circle (upper Motion) Which May Be Turned In An Outer Circle (lower Motion). The Lower Motion Carries A Horizontal Circle Which Is Graduated To Degrees That May Be Read To Minutes ...
Topographic Maps
Topographic Maps A Topographic Map Is One Which Shows The General Lay Of The Land Surface. On It Will Appear All Creeks And Rivers, Hills, Valleys And Mountains; Houses And Towns, Roads And Railroads; So That Anyone Capable Of Understanding And Interpreting The Maps Will See A Clear Picture Of ...