8. Second chemick, 70 lb. bleaching powder in solution at i° Tw., 5 hours steep.
9. Last white sour, sulphuric acid 2/° Tw., 1 hour steep.
10. Wash, squeeze and dry.
1850 Process (Thomson's). 12,000 lb. Cloth. Low-press Kiers.
1. Wash after singeing.
2. Lime boil, 680 lb. litue, 10 hours boil, wash.
3. Lime sm., hydrochloric acid 2° Tw., wash.
4. Resin boil, 770 lb. soda ash, 214 lb. resin, 10 hours boil, wash.
5. Chemick, bleaching powder solution at i° Tw., 6 hours steep, wash.
6. White sour, hydrochloric acid 2° Tw., 2 hours steep.
7. Wash, squeeze and dry.
1879 Process (Crum's). 12,000 lb. Cloth. Barlow's _Vers.
1. Wash after singeing.
2. Lime boil, 500 lb. lime, 10 hours boil, 35 lb. pressure, wash.
3. Lime sour, hydrochloric acid 2° Tw., wash.
4, Resin boil : 1st. Sweeten with 120 111 soda ash, 1600 gall. water.
2nd. 450 lb. soda ash, 220 lb. resio, 33 gall. caustic soda at 70° Tw. ( about 120 lb. solid caustic soda at 61/ per cent. Na110), 14,000 gall. water, 10 hours boil, 35 lb. pressure, wash.
5. Chemick, bleaching powder solution at I° Tw., wash.
6. White sour, sulphuric acid at 2° Tw., pile 1 to 3 hours.
7. Wash, squeeze and dry.
Another 1879 Process. 12,000 lb. Cloth. Low-press Kiers.
1. Wash after singeing.
2. Lime boil, 600 lb. lime, 10 lb caustic soda (solid), 10 hours boil, wash.
3. Lime sour, hydrochloric acid, 2/° Tw., wash.
4. Ley boils: lst. 120 lb. caustic soda (solid), 3 hours boil.
2nd. 560 lb. soda ash, 120 lb. caustic soda (solid), 320 lb. resin, 120 gall. water, 10 hours boil, water 16 in. above the false bottom. 3rd. 120 lb. caustic soda (solid), 3 hours boil, wash.
5. Chemick, bleaching powder solution 1° Tw., wash.
6. White sour, sulphuric at 2° Tw., pile 1 to 3 hours.
7. Wash, squeeze and dry.
Another 1879 Process, 12,000 lb. Cloth. Lou..-press Kiers.
1. Wash after singeing.
2. Lime boil, 500 lb. of lime, boil 12 hours, wash.
3. Lime sour, hydrochloric acid 2° Tw., wash.
4. Ley boils : lst. 170 lh. soda ash, boil 3 hours.
2nd. 430 lb. soda ash, 190 lb. resin, 95 lb. caustic soda (solid), boil 12 hours. 3rd. 190 lb. soda ash, boil 3 hours, wash.
5. Chemick, bleaching powder solution r Tsv.
6. White sour, hydrochloric acid 2° Tw., pile 1 to 3 hours.
7. Wash, squeeze and dry.
As there are differences in the quantities of stuffs used in the present bleaching processes, the following account of experiments carefully conducted both on the large and small scale will be of interest.
To test the effect of varying quantities of lime, several lots of cloth, each 2800 lb. weight, were boiled for 10 hours with : a, 100 lb.; b, 150 lb. ; c, 160 lb. ; d, 200 lb.; c, 260 lb. lime, in the usual way. The variotrs iota were then soured, washed, boiled with eeda aah, chemicked, soured, aud waahed, as usual. From each lot, a small piece of the cloth wae taken and dyed in a madder bath for 2/ houra, boiling during the last hour. All the fenta bee,ame dyed a pink ahade; b, c, d, e, were less tinged than a, there being little differene,e between c, d, and e. Reault : use 150 to 160 lb. lime per 2800 lb. cloth.
Experience allows that light geode require less lime than thia quantity. Cloth boiled on the small scale with lime for 5, 10, 20 houra, and treated as before, ahowed in aubaequent dyeing no difference ; hence 10 houra' boil may be deemed aufficient for a kier full of cloth, uaing low pressure.
To teat the action of resin soap, the following experiments were made :— 1. On the small acale, the cloth was boiled with lime, soured, boiled twice with soda aah, each time for 12 hours ; the firat soda boil waa with varying quantitiea of eoda aeh, viz. 8 oz., 4 oz., 2 oz., and 1 oz. aoda atilt per gall. water, then washed ; and the second soda boil for all four trials was made with a soda aolution at 2 oz. eoda ash per gall. water. All the trials were then chemicked, eoured, well waahed, and dyed with madder. Result : all the fents dyed a reddish tinge.
2. Two fenta, limed, aoured, and waahed, were boiled for 12 houra with aolutiona of caustic aoda, containing 6 oz. and 3 oz. aolid caustic soda respectively ; both fents were then boiled ia a aolu tion of 2 oz. aoda aah per gall. water for 10 houra, washed, chemicked, aoured, washed, and dyed with madder. Result : the fents were tinged red even more than in the first experiment.