GREENS : (1) Methyl Green (11 lb.).—Dissolve in boiling water 7, oz. tannin ; lay the bleached cotton overnight in the hot solution ; wring out ; dye in cold water with a solution of the colour according to shade. Wring out, and dry in the dark, without washing.
(2) Or (22 lb.).—For lighter shades, bleach well, and work in warm soap-beck, to remove chlorine. Enter into a boiling lye of curd-soap, and wash out in cold water. Make up a cold dye beck with 3 parts colour to every 100 parte cotton ; give 5-6 turns, and let steep overnight, Dry the next morning. If the shade is not full enough, take through the tannin beck, and dye again to shade. For yellower tones, dye the cotton first a yellow, with fustic and alum, and then dye cold with the green. It must be remembered that this colour is turned to a violet shade by heat.
(3) Malachite Green.—This can be dyed in the same manner as methyl-green ; but it is not sensitive to heat, and admits, if required, of the presence of small quantities of acids.
(4) Cceruloine.—This colour dyes dark-green shades, though its name would lead us to expect sky-blues. For dyeing cotton, 2 lb. 3 oz. of the colour should be stirred up with twice its weight of bisulpliite of soda at about 78° Tw.; the mixture may stand for some hours before it is added to tbo dye-beck.
The ootton-yarns to be dyed are mordanted by passing alternately through chromate of potash and bisulphite of soda. The necessary quantity of colour, according to the shade required, is then added to cold water ; the yarn is entered, and the heat is gradually raised to a boil. The shades obtained bear soaping, and exposure to air, as well as do the alizarin° colours.
(5) Another Dark Green (50 lb.).—Steep for 6 hours in a decoction of 10 lb. sumach; wring, and enter into a fresh oold beck, made up of 3 lb. alum, 9 oz. methyl-green of a bluish shade, and 2 pails fuatio liquor. Turn quiokly, raising the temperature to 66° (150° F.); when the dye is exhausted, dissolve 3-4 oz. copperas in the same liquor, and give 3-4 turns, to sadden.
(6) Ordinary Greens (100 lb. yarn).—Dissolve 10 lb. nitrate of iron, and 1 lb. tin crystals; work the yarn in this solution, cold; give 5 turns, and wring. In another beck, dissolve 6 lb. yellow pruesiate ; give the yarn 5 turns in the cold solution ; wring, and pass back into the nitrate of iron, and thence hack into the prussiate beck, to which 2 lb. alum have been added; give 3 turns in eaoh, and rinse.
Boil 40 lb. bark for 1 hour, strain'into a tub, add 1 lb. sugar of lead well dissolved ; when all ie well mixed, euter the yaru at 82° (180° F.), and work for f hour ; lift, wring, and pass through another beck, containing 2 lb. alum, and 2 lb. indigo paste. Rinse, and dry.
(7) Or,—Boil 25 lb. fustic in a bag, and add to the liquor 2} lb. verdigris, previously dissolved in vioegar and hot water ; cool the dye; enter the yarn, which has been prepared overnight in a decoction of sumach ; handle it well, and heat up to a boil, working for f hour. Cool it, and enter it into another beck, containing a decoction of 10 lb. logwood. Heat up to a boil, and work
for f hour ; take out, rinse, and dry.
If blue vitriol is used instead of verdigris, an olive-green is obtained.
(8) Chrome Green.—Give the yarn a blue bottom in the vat ; take through dilute sulphurio acid, and wash very well. Take through sugar of lead solution at 6° Tw., then through caustic soda lye at Tw., and wash off. Enter into bichromate bath at 2° Tw. Each operation requires 5-6 turns. Wash off, and dry.
GaEss : (1) Light Grey (11 lb. yarn).—Boil 4} oz. sumach in 87 pints water ; in this, steep the yarn for 1 hour, turning frequently ; lift, and add to the beck a decoction of 41 oz. copperas ; stir ; re-enter, give 5 turns, steep for 15 minutes, and give another turn ; let steep again, and turn once more ; lift, and take through water. Wring out, and dry.
(2) Medium Mode Grey (11 lb.)—Add to 44 qts. water at 38° (100° F.) a decoction of 17/ oz. sumach, 81 oz. logwood, and 4/ oz. prepared catechu. Steep for 1 hour. Add 41 oz. nitrate of iron at 75° Tw.; re-enter, give 10 turns, and enter into fresh water at 38° (100° F.). with 21 oz. chromate of potash.
(3) Light Grey on Cotton Pieces (60 lb.).—Boil 1/ lb. solid extract of logwood, and 1 lb. extract of bark, in sufficient water. Run the pieces 6-8 times through ; press ; and take through a fresh beck of 5 lb. copperas ; rinse ; and calender out of the following mixture :-45 lb. of farina, 3 lb. wax, 6 lb. coconut oil, boiled to a stiff paste. Press, and dry.
(4) Fast Grey (22 lb.).—lst operation : 35 fi. oz. olive oil, and 2 lb. 3 oz. soda crystals. Work in this mixture at a boil for 30 minutes ; wring, and dry. 2nd operation : Grind 44 lb. coal very fine ; add 22 lb. soda crystals, and 171 pints water at a boil. Mix the whole very well, and let steep for some hours. Then boil fora hour in 15 times the quantity of water ; strain ; and work the cotton in the hot liquid for / hour, airing well ; pass 5 times through the same liquid, aud wring each time. Wash, first in lukewarm water, then in cold water ; wring, and dry. 3rd operation : The dry cotton is passed into weak size, to which a little emulsive oil has been added. Wring, and dry. This grey resists soap, acids, aud chloride of lime.
(5) Grey, Stone-shade (25 lb.).—Boil 25 lb. sumach, and 1 lb. fustic ; enter the yarns into the decoction, to which a sufficient quantity of water has been added ; give 5 turns ; wring; and enter into a cold beck, with a solution of 1 lb. copperas (protosulphate of iron, or ferrous sulphate), and / lb. blue-stone (copper sulphate). Give 5 turns, rinse, and dry.
(6) Medium Olive (11 lb.).—Extract 81 oz. sumach in boiling water ; enter the yarn into the clear liquid ; let steep, and make up a fresh heck, with the same weight of copperas. Wring out the yarn and enter into this second beck, working for / hour. Wring, and enter into a fresh beck of red liquor at 11° Tw. Give 12 turns ; heat to 62° (144° F.); wring out ; and work for / hour in a decoction of quercitron bark.