AELIA CAPITOLINA. The destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple in A.D. 7o was followed by a second revolt of the Jews. After their defeat Hadrian made the ruined Jerusalem into a Roman colony, Aelia Capitolina, subordinate to Caesarea, the then capital of Palestine (about A.D. 13o). Aelia commemorated the emperor's family name; Capitolina is derived from Jupiter Capi tolinus to whom a temple was built on the site of the Jewish Temple.