ALCALA (Moorish al kala, the "Fortress" or "Castle"), the name of thirteen Spanish towns, all founded or named by the Moors. Alcala, de Henares, pop. (193o) 12,693, is separately described on account of its historical importance. Alcala la Real (21,359), a picturesque town with a fine abbey, is situated in the mountainous south-west part of Jaen. Its distinctive name la Real, "the Royal," was conferred in memory of its capture by Alphonso XI. of Leon in 134o. In 18to the French under Count Sebastiani here defeated the Spaniards. Alcala de los Gazules (9,5o8),. on the river Barbate, in the province of Cadiz, trades in cork and agricultural produce. Alcala de Guadaira (16,816), on the river Guadaira, near Seville, is popularly called Alcala de los Panaderos, or "Alcala of the Bakers," because it supplies Seville with large quantities of bread ; it also manufactures for export the best "Seville oil."