AMPHIPOLIS (mod. YENI KEVI), ancient city of Mace donia, on the east bank of the River Strymon, where it emerges from Lake Cercinitis, about 3m. from the sea. Originally a Thra cian town, known as 'Ev74a 'Not ("Nine Roads"), it was colonized by Athenians with other Greeks under Hagnon in 437 B.C., previ ous attempts—in 497, 476 and 465—having been unsuccessful. In 424 B.C. it surrendered to the Spartan Brasidas without resist ance, through the negligence of the historian Thucydides, who was with the fleet at Thasos. In 422 B.C. Cleon led an unsuccessful expedition to recover it both he and Brasidas were slain. It was to have been restored to Athens by the Peace of Nicias (421) but remained long independent. In 357 Philip of Macedon occupied it in spite of Athenian opposition. The importance of Amphipolis was due to its command of the bridge over the Strymon, and the route from northern Greece to the Hellespont; it was also a depot for the gold and silver mines of the district, and for ship-timber. Under the early empire it became the headquarters of the Roman governor of Macedonia, though recognized as independent. Many inscriptions, coins, etc., have been found here, and traces of ancient fortifications and a Roman aqueduct are visible. (See S. Casson, Macedonia, Thrace and Illyria [1926], and Pauly Wissowa, s.v.).