ANDIJAN. (1) A province in Uzbek S.S.R. Area 7,314 sq.km. Pop. (1926) 792,297 (144,718 urban); (2) a town, the cap ital of the province; pop. (1933) 97,700; sit.: 40° 55' N. 72° 16' E.; alt. 1,63oft. It is the terminus of the Transcaspian Railway, on the left bank of the upper Syr-Darya. It is in an earthquake area and was destroyed in 1902, but re-built. It is a centre of the cotton trade and has cotton factories (hence-the name Andijani for merchants in Central Asia). It has gardens and a large park and was formerly the residence of the Khans of Khokand. The prov ince is fertile and is watered by the Syr-Darya. It produces rice, cotton, millet, winter and spring wheat, potatoes, grapes and silk.