ANNA .AMALIA (1739-1807), duchess of Saxe-Weimar, daughter of Charles I., duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbiittel, was born at Wolfenbiittel on Oct. and married Ernest, duke of Saxe-Weimar, 1756. Her husband died in 1758, leaving her regent for their infant son, Charles Augustus. She was a patroness of art and literature and attracted to Weimar many of the most eminent men in Germany. Wieland was appointed tutor, to her son, and the names of Herder, Goethe, and Schiller shed an undying lustre on her court. In 1775 she retired into private life, her son having attained his majority. In 1788 she set out on a lengthened tour through Italy, accompanied by Goethe. She died on April io, 1807. A memorial of the duchess is included in Goethe's works under the title Zum Andenken der Fiirstin Anna Amalia.
See F. Bornhak, Anna Amalia, Herzogin von Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (1892).