ACKERMANN, RUDOLPH inventor and publisher, was born on April 20,1764 at Schneeberg, in Saxony. He had been a saddler and coach-builder for ten years in different German cities and in Paris and London, when, in 1795, he established a print-shop and drawing school in the Strand. Ackermann set up a lithographic press, and applied it in 1817 to the illustration of his Repository of Arts, Literature, Fashions, etc. (monthly until 1828). Rowlandson and other distinguished artists were regular contributors. He also introduced the fashion of the once popular English annuals, beginning in 1825 with Forget-me-not; and he published many illustrated volumes of topography and travel, The Microcosm of London (18o8-11), Westminster Abbey (1812), The Rhine (1820), The World in Miniature (1821-26), etc. Ackermann was an enterprising man; he patented (I8oi) a method for rendering paper and cloth waterproof, erected a factory at Chelsea for the purpose and was one of the first to illuminate his own premises with gas. Indeed the introduction of lighting by gas owed much to him. After the battle of Leipzig Ackermann collected nearly a quarter of a million sterling for German sufferers. He died at Finchley, Middlesex, on March 30,