GOES, DAMIAO DE (1502-1574), Portuguese humanist, was born of a patrician family at Alenquer. Under King John III. he was employed abroad for many years from 1523 on diplomatic and commercial missions, and he travelled over the greater part of Europe. He was intimate with the leading scholars of the time, was acquainted with Luther and Melanchthon, and in 1532 be came the pupil and friend of Erasmus. Goes took his degree at Padua in 1538 after a four years' course. He married in Flanders a rich and noble Dutch lady D. Joanna de Hargen, and settled at Louvain, then the literary centre of the Low Countries, where he was living in 1S42 when the French besieged the town. He was taken prisoner and confined for nine months in France, till he obtained his freedom by a heavy ransom. He was rewarded, however, for his services by a grant of arms from Charles V. He finally returned to Portugal in 1545, and in 1548 he was appointed chief keeper of the archives and royal chronicler.
In 1558 he was given a commission to write a history of the reign of King Manoel and the first part of this great work ap peared in 1566.
Damiao de Goes was a man of wide culture and genial man ners, and a skilled musician. He wrote both Portuguese and Latin with classic strength and simplicity, and his style is free from affectation and rhetorical ornaments. His portrait by Albrecht Diirer shows an open, intelligent face, and the record of his life proves him to have been upright and fearless. But his historical work gave umbrage to the great families ; a denunciation to the Inquisition in 1J45 was taken up later and in 1571 he was ar rested. He was sentenced to a term of reclusion at the monastery of Batalha. Later he was allowed to return home but died sud denly on Jan. 30, BIBLIOGRAPHY.-His Portuguese works include Chronica do felicisBibliography.-His Portuguese works include Chronica do felicis- simo rei Dom Emanuel (parts i. and ii., 1566, parts iii. and iv., 1567) ; other editions appeared in Lisbon in 1619 and 1749 and in Coimbra in 1790 ; Chronica do principe Dom Joam (1558) , with subsequent editions in 1567 and 1724 in Lisbon and in 1790 and 1905 in Coimbra; Livro de Marco Tullio Ciceram chamado Catam Mayor (Venice, 1538) . This is a translation of Cicero's De senectute. His Latin works comprise: (I) Legatio magni imperatoris Presbiteri Joannis, etc. (Antwerp, 1532) ; (2) Legatio Davidis Ethiopiae regis, etc. (Bologna, 1533) ; (3) Commentarii rerum gestarum in India (Louvain, 1539) ; (4) Fides, religio, moresque Aethiopum (Louvain, 1540), incorporating Nos. (I) and (2) ; (5) Hispania (Louvain, 1542) ; (6) Aliquot epistolae Sadoleti Bembi et aliorum clarissimorum virorum, etc. (Louvain, ; (7) Damiani a Goes equitis Lusitani aliquot opuscula (Louvain, 1544) ; (8) Urbis Lovaniensis obsidia (Lisbon, 1546) ; (9) De bello Cambaico ultimo (Louvain, ; (so) Urbis Olisiponensis descriptio (Evora, ; (II) Epistola ad Hieronymum Cardosum (Lisbon, 1556).
See Joaquim de Vasconcellos, Goesiana (Porto, ; Guilherme J. C. Henriques, Ineditos Goesianos (2 vols. 1896-98) ; A. P. Lopes de Mendonca, Damiczo de Goes e a Inquisicao de Portugal (1859) ; Sousa Viterbo, Damido de Goes e D. Antonio Pinheiro (Coimbra, 1895) ; M. de Lemos, "Damiao de Goes," in Revista de Hist oria (192o-22). (E. P.; A. B.)