GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETIES. The Congres Interna tional pour les Progres des Sciences Geographiques first met in 1871. The Royal Geographical Society of London, founded in 183o, had joined to it in the following year the African Associa tion (1788), the successor of the Saturday Club; the Palestine Association (1805) became merged with it in 1834. It publishes Journal (1832-8o), Proceedings (1857-92) and Geogr. Journal (1893 seq.) . The Hakluyt Society (1846) has printed more than 136 volumes of rare voyages and travels. The Alpine Club (1858), whose publications are Peaks, Passes and Glaciers (1859-62) and Journal seq.), meets in London. The Royal Scottish Geo graphical Society (1884) has its centre at Edinburgh and issues the Scottish Geographical Magazine. Newcastle has the Tyne side Geographical Society and Manchester also has a Geographi cal Society (1884) . Aberystwyth, Wales, has a Geographical Society (1900), and publishes Geography. AUSTRALIA : Adelaide, Roy. Geogr. Soc. of Australasia, S. Austral. Br. ,Proc. Brisbane, Roy. Geogr. Soc. of Australasia, Queensland (1885), Queensland Geogr. Journal. Melbourne, Roy. Geogr. Soc. of Australasia, Victoria Br. (1883) , incorporated with The Hist. Soc. of Victoria (1921), Victorian Geogr. Journ. Sydney, Geogr. Soc. of New S. Wales, Austral. Geographer (1928). SOUTH AFRICA: Johannesburg, Geogr. Soc. of S. Africa (1917), S. A f r. Geogr.
Journ. CANADA: Quebec, Soc. de Geogr. de Quebec (1877), Bull. INDIA : Bombay, Roy. Asiatic Soc., Bombay Br. (1871). EGYPT : Cairo, Soc. Khediviale de Geogr. (1875), Bull. (1876 seq.), changed to Soc. Roy. de Geogr. de'Egypte (1917), Bull., Mem. UNITED STATES : Chicago, Geogr. Soc. (1898) , Bull. seq.), Assoc. of Amer. Geographers (1904) , Annals. New York, Amer. Geogr. Soc. of New York (1851), Bull. (1852-57) ; Journ. (1859 seq.), later Bull. (19o1-15), continued as The Geogr. Rev. (1916-2o) ; Proc. (1862-65) and 137 separate publications. Philadelphia, Geogr. Soc. (1893), Bull. Washington, Nat. Geogr. Soc. (1888), Nat. Geogr. Magazine (1888 seq.) ; Soc. of Women Geographers (1925 ), Bull. AUSTRIA : Vienna, Geogr. Ges. (1856), Mitteil. (1857 seq.), Abhandl. Verein der Geographen a. der Univ. (1874), Jahresber.; D. u. Osterreich. Alpen Ver. (1869), Ztschr. u. Jahrb. (1869 seq.) ; Ver. f. Landeskunde, etc. 0864), Jahrb., Monatsblatt. BELGIUM : Antwerp, Soc. Roy. de Geogr. (1876), Bull. Brussels, Soc. Roy. belge de Geogr. (1876), Bull. BULGARIA: Sofia, Bargarsko Geografsko Druzestvo (1918), Geo gra f ska Biblioteka. CZECHOSLOVAKIA : Prague, Ceskoslov. spole cnost zemepisnd (1894), Sbornik. DENMARK: Copenhagen, Kng. Danske Geogr. Selskab (1876), Geogr. Tidsskrift (1876 seq.). FINLAND : Helsinki, Suoinen Maantieteellinen Seura-Geogr. Sdll skapet i. Finland (1888), Jahrbucli, now Terra (1922 seq.), Fen nia (1889 seq.), Acta Geogr. (1927). FRANCE: Bordeaux, Soc. de Geogr. Commerciale (1874), Bull., Revue (19i1 seq.). Lyons, Soc. de Geogr. (1873), Bull. (1875 seq.). Marseilles, Soc. de Geogr. (1876), Bull. (1877 seq.). Montpellier, Soc. languedo cienne de Geogr. (1875), Bull. (1878 seq.). Nancy, Soc. de Geogr. de l'Est (1878), Bull. (1878 seq.). Paris, Soc. de Geogr. (1821; 1827), Bull. (190o seq.), La Geographie; Soc. de Geogr. Commerciale (1873), Bull., Revue Econ. francaise; Assoc. de Geogr. francais (192o), Bull., Bibl. geogr. ann.; Assoc. des Amis, etc., de Geogr. Physique (1922), Cahiers. Toulouse, Soc. de Geogr. (1882), Bull. Branches of the Soc. de Geogr. are also at Bar-le-Duc, Bethune, Douai, Lille and Tours. Algiers, Soc. de Geogr., etc. (1896), Bull. (1896 seq.) . GERMANY : Berlin, Ges. fur Erdkunde (1828), Monatsber. ), Ztschr. (18S3 seq.), Verhandl. (1873-19o1), Ztschr. (1866 seq.), Bibl. Geogr. (1891 1912), D. Geographentag (1881), Verhandl., Central Ver. f. Handelsgeogr., etc. (1878). Bremen, Geogr. Ges. (1876), D. Geogr. Bliitter. Dresden, Ver. f. Erdkunde (1863), Jahresber. (1865-1901), Mitteil. (19o5 seq.). Frankfort, Ver. f. Geogr., etc. (1835), Jahresber. Freiburg i. B., Geogr. Ges. (1925). Giessen, Ges. f. Erd u. Volkerkunde (1896), Geogr. Mitteil. Gotha, Ver band D. Scliulgeographen (1912), Geogr. Anzeiger. Greifswald, Pommersche Geogr. Ges. (1882), Jahresber., Jahrbuch (1924 seq.). Halle, Ver. f. Erdkunde (1873), Mitteil. Hamburg, Geogr. Ges. (1873), Mitteil., Jahresber. Hanover, Geogr. Ges. (1878), Jahresber. Jena, Geogr. Ges. (1882), Mitteil. Karlsruhe, Ba disclie Geogr. Ges. (1880-96; 1925), Verhandl. (188o-86) . Kiel, Ver. zur P fiege der Landeskunde (189o) , Heimat (1890 seq.) . Leipzig, Ges. f. Erdk. (1861), Jahresber., continued as Mitteil. (1861 seq.-1911 seq.), Verofentlichungen, Ver. Geographen der Univ. Lubeck, Geogr. Ges. (1882), Mitteil. (1882 seq.). Magde burg, Geogr. Ges. (1927), Mitteil. Munich, Geogr. Ges. (1869), Jahresber., Mitteil. (1904 seq.), Landeskundl. Forschungen, Ges. f. bayerische Landeskunde (192o), Veroff., Deutsch u. Oster reichischer Alpenverein (19o1). Nuremberg, Geogr. Ges. (192o), Mitteil., Jahresber. Rostock, Geogr. Ges. (19o9), Mitteil. (1910 seq.), with branches at Wismar (1921), Schwerin (1922), Gus trow (1923). Stuttgart, JVUrtt, Ver. f. Handelsgeogr. (1882), Jahresber., Wurtt. Schwarzwald Ver. (1884), Aus dem Schwarz wald. Wiirzburg, Geogr. Ges. (1925), Mitteil. GREECE : Athens, Greek Geogr. Soc. (1919). HUNGARY : Budapest, Magyar Fol drajzi Tdrsasdg (1872), Foldrajzi Kozlenienyek. ITALY : Flor ence, Soc. di Studi geogr. e colon. (1884), Rivista Geogr. Italiana. Milan, Soc. Ital. di Geogr. Commerciale (1879), L'Esplorazione Commerciale (1879 seq.). Rome, Soc. Geogr. Ital. (1867), Bol. (1868 seq.), Memorie. LATVIA : Riga, Latvijas Geogr. Biedriba (1923). NETHERLANDS : Amsterdam, Kng. Nederl. Aardrijkskun dig Genoot. (1873), Tijdschrift (1874 seq.). The Hague, Nederl. Ver. vor EC On. Geogr. (iqoq). Tijdschrift. NORWAY: Oslo, Det norske geogr. Selskab (1889), Norsk Geogr. Tidsskri f t. POLAND: Warsaw, Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne (1918), Przeglad Geogr. PORTUGAL: Lisbon, Soc. de Geogr. (1875), Bol. (1876 seq.) . RUMANIA : Bucharest, Soc. Regald Romand de Geogr. (1875), Bul., Dic. geogr., Marele Diet. geogr. al Rom. (1898 190a seq.). SPAIN : Madrid, R. Soc. Geogr. (1876), Bol. (1876 seq.), Revista, Coleccion Geogr. SWEDEN : Stockholm, Svenska Siillskapet f. Antrop. och Geogr. (1873), Tidskrift (1873-77), Geogr. Sekt. tidskrift (1878-80), Ymer (1881 seq.), Annaler, (1919 seq.) ; Geografiska forbundet. Goteborg, Geogr. Forenin gen (1908), Meddelanden. SWITZERLAND: Basel, Geogr.-ethnol. Ges. (1923). Berne, Geogr. Ges. (1873), Jahresber. (18i9 seq.). Geneva, Soc. de Geogr. (1858), Le Globe, Bull. et Mem., etc. Neu chatel, Soc. de Geogr. (1885), Bull. St. Gall, Ostschweiz. Geogr. Kom. Ges. (1879), Mitteil., Verband Schweiz. Geogr. Ges. TUR KEY : Constantinople, Geog. Soc. U.S.S.R.: Leningrad, Russk. geografic. obsc. (1845), Izvestija R.G.O., etc., Bull. (1865 seq.). Branches of R.G.O. are at Irkutsk (East Siberian Br.), Yakutsk, Omsk, Orenburg, Tiflis, Geogr. Soc. of Georgia, Geogr. Review, and Vladivostok. Moscow, Obscestvo L jubitele j Estestvoznanija (1863) , Division for Geogr. (1892 seq.) , Zemlevedenie, discon tinued temporarily. YUGOSLAVIA : Belgrade, Geogra f sko Drustvo (1916), Glasnik. ALGERIA: Algiers, Soc. de Geogr. d'Alger et de l'A f rique du Nord (1896) , Bull. (1896 seq.) . MOROCCO : Casa blanca, Soc. de Geogr. de Maroc (1915), Bull. JAPAN : Tokyo, Geogr. Soc. (1879), Journ. of Geogr. MEXICO : Soc. de Geogr. y Estad., Bol. (1839 seq.) . CUBA : Havana, Soc. Geogr. de Cuba (1928), Revista. COSTA RICA: San Jose, Soc. de Geogr. e Hist. (1925). ARGENTINA : Buenos Aires, Soc. Argentina de Estudios Geogr. Gaea (1921), Gaea. BOLIVIA : La Paz, Soc. Geogr. (1889), Bol. Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Soc. de Estudios Geogr. e Hist. (1903), Bol. Sucre, Soc. Geogr. BRAZIL : Rio de Janeiro, Soc. de Geogr., Revista (1883) . COLOMBIA : Bogota, Soc. Geogr. (1903) , Bol. ECUADOR : Quito, Soc. Geogr. (1922). PERU : Lima, Soc. Geogr. (1888) , Bol.