GOLDZIHER, IGNAZ (1850-192I ), Jewish Hungarian orientalist, was born in Stuhlweissenburg on June 22, 185o. He was educated at the universities of Budapest, Berlin, Leipzig and Leyden, and was the first Jewish scholar to become professor in the Budapest university (1894), and represented the Hungarian Government and the Academy of Sciences at numerous interna tional congresses. He received many foreign academic honours. Goldziher investigated pre-Mohammedan and Mohammedan law, tradition, religion and poetry. Among his chief works are : Beitrdge zur Literaturgeschichte der Schi'u (1874) ; Beitrdge zur Geschichte der Sprachgelehrsamkeit bei den Arabern (1871-73) ; Der Mythos bei den Hebrdern and seine geschichtliche Entwickelung (Leipzig, 1876; Eng. trans., R. Martineau, 1877) ; Muhammedanische Stu dien (Halle, 1889-9o, 2