GERARD, JEAN IGNACE ISIDORE French caricaturist, generally known by the pseudonym of Grand ville—was born at Nancy on Sept. 13, 1803. He received his first instruction in drawing from his father, a miniature painter, and at the age of 2 I came to Paris, where he soon afterwards published a collection of lithographs entitled Les Tribulations de la petite propriete. He followed this by Les Plaisirs de toutage and La Sibylle des salons; his success was made with Metamorphoses du jour (1828), a series of 7o scenes in which individuals with the bodies of men and faces of animals play the human comedy. Gerard contributed drawings to many periodicals, illustrated sev eral classic works, and issued from time to time series of litho graphs. He died on March 17, 1847.
A short notice of Gerard, under the name of Grandville, is con tained in Theophile Gautier's Portraits contemporains. See also Charles Blanc, Grandville (1855).