GRAVES, ALFRED 1931 ), Irish writer, was born in Dublin on July 22, 1846, the son of the bishop of Limerick. He was educated at Windermere College, and took high honours at Dublin University. In 186q he entered the Civil Service as clerk in the Home Office ; he was an inspector of schools from 1875 to 1910. He was a constant contributor of prose and verse to the Spectator, The Athenaeum, John Bull and Punch, and took a leading part in the revival of Irish letters and in the pan-Celtic movement. He was for twelve years secretary and twice president of the Irish Literary Society, and is the author of the famous ballad of "Father O'Flynn" and many other songs and ballads. In collaboration with Sir C. V. Stanford he published Songs of Old Ireland (1882), Irish Songs and Ballads (1893) , the airs of which are taken from the Petrie MSS., and Songs of Erin (190I) ; the airs of his Irish Folk Songs (1897) and Irish Coun tryside Songs (1908) were arranged by Charles Wood. In addi tion to many editions of Erse poetry he edited and translated Welsh poems.