GUBERNATIS, ANGELO DE, COUNT Italian man of letters, was born at Turin on April 7, 1840, and edu cated there and at Berlin, where he studied oriental languages. In 1862 he was appointed professor of Sanskrit at Florence, but hav ing married a cousin of the anarchist Bakunin and become inter ested in his views he resigned. He was reappointed in 1867 ; and in 1891 he was transferred to the University of Rome. He founded several important reviews, and in 1887 became director of the Giornale della society asiatica. In 1878 he started the Dizionario biografico degli scrittori contemporanei. His oriental and mytho logical works include the Piccolo enciclopedia indiana (1867), the Fonti vediche (1868), a famous work on Zoological Mythology (in English, 1872), and another on plant mythology, Mythologie des plantes (1878). He also edited the encyclopaedic Storia uni versale della letteratura (18 vols., 1882-85). His work in verse includes the dramas Cato, Romolo, 11 re Nola, Don Rodrigo, Savitri, etc., and his critical and biographical work, Ariosto (1905) and Torquato Tosso (1908). He died on Feb. 27, 1913, at Rome.