GROSBEAK, a name indefinitely applied to many thick billed birds. It is one of the names of the hawfinch (q.v.) but is generally used in combination. The pine-grosbeak (Pinicola enu cleator) is a finch (q.v.) inhabiting the conifer woods of the New and Old Worlds, moving southwards in large flocks with the approach of winter. In structure and habits it resembles a bull finch, but is larger; in plumage it is much like a crossbill (q.v.). It has many smaller allies. The cardinal grosbeak or Virginian nightingale (Cardinalis cardinalis) inhabits eastern U.S.A., south of 40° N. lat. The cock bird is bright red in colour and possesses a fine song. The hen is less conspicuous in both respects. Many other American birds are called grosbeaks, of which the rose breasted grosbeak (Zamelodia ludoviciana) is the best known. For "sociable grosbeak," see WEAVER-BIRD..