HERVAS Y PANDURO, LORENZO Spanish philologist, was born at Horcajo (Cuenca) on May Io, He joined the Jesuits on Sept. 29, 1745, and became suc cessively professor of philosophy and humanities at the semi naries of Madrid and Murcia. When the Jesuit order was ban ished from Spain in 1767, Hervas settled at Forli, and devoted himself to the first part of his Idea dell' Universo (22 vols., 92). Returning to Spain in 1798, he published his Catdlogo de las lenguas de las naciones conocidas (6 vols., 1800-05), in which he collected the philological peculiarities of 300 languages and drew up grammars of 4o languages. In 1802 he was appointed librarian of the Quirinal Palace in Rome, where he died on Aug. 24, 1809. Max Muller credits him with having anticipated Hum boldt, and with making "one of the most brilliant discoveries in the history of the science of language" by establishing the rela tion between the Malay and Polynesian family of speech. HERVEY OF ICKWORTH, JOHN HERVEY, BARON English statesman and writer, eldest son of John, 1st earl of Bristol, by his second marriage, was educated at West minster school and at Clare Hall, Cambridge. In 1716 his father sent him to Paris, and thence to Hanover to pay his court to George I. He was a frequent visitor at the court of the prince and princess of Wales at Richmond, and in 1720 he married Mary Lepell, who was one of the princess's ladies-in-waiting, and a great court beauty. In 1723 he received the courtesy title of Lord Hervey on the death of his half-brother Carr, and in 1725 he was elected M.P. for Bury St. Edmunds. In 1730 he attached himself to Walpole. He was assumed by William Pulteney to be the author of Sedition and Defamation display'd with a Dedication to the patrons of The Craftsman Pulteney replied, and the quarrel resulted in a duel from which Hervey narrowly es caped with his life. Hervey's influence with the queen enabled him to render valuable service to Walpole. He was vice-chamber lain in the royal household and a member of the privy council. In 1733 he was called to the House of Lords by writ in virtue of his father's barony. He was lord privy seal when the fall of Wal pole drove him from his office (July 1742) . He predeceased his father, but three of his sons became successively earls of Bristol.
Hervey wrote detailed and brutally frank memoirs of the court of George II. from 1727 to 1737. He gave a most unflattering account of the king, and of Frederick, prince of Wales, and their family squabbles. For the queen and her daughter, Princess Caro line, he had a genuine respect and attachment, and the princess's affection for him was commonly said to be the reason for the close retirement in which she lived after his death. The ms. of Hervey's memoirs was preserved by the family, and published in 1848 under the editorship of J. W. Croker. The ms. had already been sub jected to a certain amount of mutilation, and Croker himself softened in some cases the plainspokenness of the original.