HILBERSEIMER, LUDWIG (1885— ), German archi tect, was born at Karlsruhe. Like Le Corbusier in France, he has latterly devoted perhaps as much time to town-planning as to the erection of individual buildings. An original and logical thinker, he sees the solution of town-planning problems in a vertical building system, i.e., to some extent, two cities one on top of the other, the dwelling-house of each worker being as far as possible above his place of business. Vehicular traffic would be on the ground level, with streets and cross-streets for pedes trians above. Hilberseimer shares with Le Corbusier the aim of industrializing building, advocating ferroconcrete construction and simple interiors with as much built-in furniture as possible, and disclaims the aesthetic element as an end in itself ; "like all other elements it is co-ordinated in the whole." Among the larger buildings erected to his designs the Rheinlandhaus, Berlin, a well-articulated unity, pleasantly airy in effect, illustrates his conception of modern non-domestic building.