HUGUES, CLOVIS (1851-1907), French poet and socialist, was born at Menerbes in Vaucluse. For a revolutionary article in Fraternite he was condemned in 1871 to three years' imprison ment and a fine of 6,000 francs. From 1875 onwards he edited La Jeune Republique. In 1877 he fought a duel in which he killed his adversary, a rival journalist. Elected deputy by Marseilles in the general elections of 1881, he was at that time the sole repre sentative of the Socialist Party in the chambers. He was re elected in 1885, and in 1893 became one of the deputies for Paris, retaining his seat until 1906. He died on June 11, 1907. His principal works are: Poemes de prison (1875), written during his detention; Soirs de bataille (1883), _lours de combat (1883), and Le Travail (1889) ; the novels, Madame Phaeton (1885) and Monsieur le gendarme (1891) ; and the dramas, Une e'toile (1888) and Le sommeil de Danton (1888).