HODLER, FERDINAND (1853-1918), Swiss painter, was born at Gurzelen in the canton of Berne on March 14, 1853. He received his early education in drawing from Ferd. Sommer Collier, a Swiss landscape painter at Thun, but his artistic career began at Geneva in 1872, where he worked under Barthelemy Menn, at the same time studying at the university. In 1874 he won the Calame prize for a landscape. After various journeys, notably in Spain, which explains the Spanish influence in much of his earlier work, he settled down in Geneva where, with a few intervals, he remained until his death. Among his most important pictures are the "Cortege des lutteurs" (1887), "La Nuit" (1891), "Las de vivre" (1892), "L'Elu" (1894), "Eurythmie" (1895), "L'Emotion," "La Write" (1905), "Le Jour," "L'Amour" (1908). He also executed numerous portraits, landscapes, water colours and lithographs. He died on May 20, 1918. He was a protagonist of the expressionist movement. The best display of his work is in the Kunsthaus at Zurich. See E. Bender, Die Kunst Ferdinand Hodlers a Hungarian town in the county of Csongrad. Lying near the right bank of the Tisza and protected from normal floods by a large dike, the town is on the edge of a very fertile alluvial plain and is essentially the centre of extensive agriculture and stock-rearing, being particularly noted for grapes and melons and the fine breeds of horned cattle and horses. Much of the surrounding plain (383 sq.m.) is owned by the municipality. Pop. (1930), 60,342.