IBN HAUKAL, strictly Ibn Hauqal, a loth century Arabian geographer. Nothing is known of his life. His work on geog raphy, written in 977, is only a revision and extension of the Masalik id-Mamalik of al-Istakhri who wrote in 951. This itself was a revised edition of the Kitab Id-Ash/ea or Suwar ul-Aqalim of Abu Zaid ul-Balkhi, who wrote about 921. Ibn Haukal's work was published by M. J. de Goeje (Leiden, 1873). An anonymous epitome of the book was written in See M. J. de Goeje, "Die Istahri-Balhi Frage," in the Zeitschrift der deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellscha f t, xxv. 42 sqq.