ILOILO, a municipality (with administration centre and 16 barrios or districts), the most important port of the western Bisayan group and the principal sugar port of the archipelago, capital of the province of Iloilo, Panay, Philippine Islands, about 258 m. from Manila. It is a terminal of the Panay railway which runs to Capiz. Pop. (1918) 49,114, of whom 24,898 were males and 382 white, including a considerable percentage of Basques. Iloilo boasts an intelligent, wealthy and cultured mestizo popula tion. It is built on low, sandy ground and is irregularly laid out. In Iloilo (or nearby) are several private and religious schools, as well as a public high school and other public schools. The harbour is well protected by the island of Guimaras which lies opposite Iloilo, and ocean-going vessels can lie in the channel. The surrounding country, which has excellent motor roads leading in various directions, is fertile and well cultivated, producing sugar, tobacco and rice in abundance. It is the fourth centre in point of population in the Philippines, and is the great commercial rival of Cebu. Various hardwoods grow nearby. Coco-nut oil, lime, vinegar and various articles made from palmwood are among the manufactures. In 1918, it had 67 manufacturing establishments, with output valued at 2,463,00o pesos; and 1,295 household indus try establishments with output valued at 364,90o pesos; as well as three rice-mills with output valued at 902,80o pesos. A meteor ological station is established here. Of the 3o schools, 17 were public. The language is a dialect of Bisayan. Much of Iloilo was burned by the Filipino insurgents soon after its capture by the troops of the United States in Feb. 1899.