Home >> Encyclopedia-britannica-volume-12-part-1-hydrozoa-jeremy >> Interlaced Arches to The Saivikhya >> Siam

Siam

Loading


SIAM The architecture of Siam is not well known. No edifice of im portance survives from the Dvaravati (Mon) period, but the Brah Pathamacetiya reliefs have decorative representations of buildings with caitya arches (kiidu), suggesting, as in the case of the contemporary pre-Khmer architecture of Cambodia, direct connections with Indian originals. At Labapuri and Ayuthia, up to the 14th century, the architecture is of directly Khmer in spiration; Wat Mahathat at Labapuri is a good example. Simi larly at Svargalok and Sukhodaya, buildings dating before the establishment of an independent Thai kingdom, e.g., the Wat Mahadhatu at Svargalok, and Wat Brah Bay Hluang at Sukho daya, are equally Khmer, and the sculptures found in them are analogous to those of the Khmer school at Labapuri. The i3th cen tury Wat Kukut at Lambun (a pyramidal tower apparently re lated to the Sinhalese Sat Mahal Pasada at Polonnaruva) and the Wat Chet Yot at Xieng Mai (modelled either directly after the Indian temple at Bodhgaya, or more likely on the 13th century Burmese copy at Pagan) belong to the last days of Mon govern ment in the north. The remains of the Wat Keo at Jaiya in the far south belong to the school of Srivijaya. It is only after the foundation of Ayuthia that a distinctively Siamese architecture develops, and as seen at Ayuthia and Bangkok, this is character ised by slender, aspiring, and pointed forms. (See SLAM.)

wat and architecture