ANTHROPOCENTRIC PHILOSOPHY, a system of philosophy which treats man as the centre of interest. In this wide sense of the term the philosophy of Socrates (who was only in terested in problems of human conduct), the philosophy of Pro tagoras (who regarded man as the measure of all things) and his modern disciples, the Pragmatists and Hominists (or so-called Humanists), may be described as anthropocentric. The philos ophy of Kant likewise is essentially anthropocentric inasmuch as it limits all so-called knowledge to beliefs which originate in the nature and needs of man. Although Kant described his philos ophy as Copernican in the sense that it reversed the dominant point of view of his predecessors in a way analogous to the Coper nican reversal of the Ptolemaic astronomy, yet in another and deeper sense Kant's philosophy, in comparison, say, with that of Spinoza, is Ptolemaic rather than Copernican—for it looks at the universe from the point of view of man, whereas Spinozism looks at man from the point of view of the universe. There is an obvious kinship between geocentric astronomy and anthro pocentric philosophy. One reason, perhaps the principal reason, why the earth was so long regarded as the centre of the world was because human conceit persisted so long in regarding man as the end of the universe. The pantheistic, cosmic (or non anthropocentric) views of thinkers like Giordano Bruno, Spinoza and others were, on the other hand intimately connected with the larger conceptions of the universe introduced by the helio centric astronomy which treated man's world, the Earth, as but one of the minor planets of the cosmos.