ANTIGONUS GONATAS (c. 319-239 B.e.), Macedonian king, was the son of Demetrius Poliorcetes, and grandson of Antigonus Cyclops (q.v.) . On the death of his father (283), he assumed the title of king of Macedonia, but did not obtain pos session of the throne till 2 76, after it had been successively in the hands of Pyrrhus, Lysimachus, Seleucus, and Ptolemy Ceraunus. Antigonus repelled the invasion of the Gauls, and continued in undisputed possession of Macedonia till 274, when Pyrrhus re turned from Italy, and (in 273) made himself master of nearly all the country. On the advance of Pyrrhus into Peloponnesus, he recovered his dominions.
He was again (between 263 and 255) driven out of his kingdom by Alexander, the son of Pyrrhus, and again recovered it. The latter part of his reign was comparatively peaceful, and he gained the affection of his subjects by his honesty and his cultivation of the arts.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.--Plutarch, Demetrius, Pyrrhus, Aratus; Justin xxiv., Bibliography.--Plutarch, Demetrius, Pyrrhus, Aratus; Justin xxiv., xxv. ; Polybius ii. 43-45, ix., 34. See Thirlwall, History of Greece, vol. viii. (1847) ; Holm, Griech. Gesch. vol. iv. (1894) ; Niese, Gesch. d. griech. u. maked. Staaten, vol. i. and ii. (1893, 1899) ; Beloch, Griech. Gesch. vol. iii. (1g04) ; W. W. Tarn, Antigono Gonatas (1913) ; R. Schubert, Quellen zur Geschichte der Diadochenzeit (Leipzig, 1914) ; E. Pozzi, Le Battaglie di Cos e di Andro (Reale Accademia delle Scienze, Turin, 1913). See also the Cambridge Ancient History (with bibliography) .