ARCTURUS, one of the three brightest stars in the northern hemisphere, situated in the constellation Bootes (q.v.) in an almost direct line with the tail Q' and n) of the constellation Ursa Major (great bear) ; hence its derivation from the Gr. etprcroe, "bear," ovpos, "guard." In the Hebrew Bible, the Vulgate reads Arcturus for the stars mentioned in Job ix. 9, xxxviii. 32, and Amos v. 8. According to a Greek legend Arcas, son of Lycaon, king of Arcadia, was killed by his father and his flesh was served up in a banquet to Zeus, who was indignant at the crime and restored him to life. Subsequently Arcas, when hunting, chanced to pursue his mother Callisto, who had been transformed into a bear, as far as the temple of Lycaean Zeus; to prevent the crime of matricide, Zeus transported them both to the heavens (Ovid, Metam., ii. 450), where Callisto became the constellation Ursa Major, and Arcas the star Arcturus (see LYCAON and