ARIOBARZANES, the name of three ancient kings or satraps of Pontus, and of three kings of Cappadocia. Of the Pontic kings the most famous is Ariobarzanes I. He succeeded his father Mithridates in the satrapy in 363 B.C., revolted from Arta xerxes in 362, and founded the independent kingdom of Pontus. He and his three sons were made Athenian citizens. Of the Cappa docian kings, I. (Philo-Romaeus) reigned from 93-63 B.C., being frequently driven out by Mithridates and restored by the Romans. He was finally established by Pompey, and soon after (c. 63) abdicated, in favour of his son. 2. (Eusebes, Philo-Romaeus), grandson of the above, succeeded c. 51 B.C. He was friendly with Cicero during Cicero's proconsulate in Cilicia, and fought for Pompey in the Civil War. Caesar confirmed him in his kingdom, and protected him from Pharnaces of Pontus. In 42 B.C. Cassius accused him of conspiracy and put him to death.