ARISTAGORAS (d. 497 B.e.), brother-in-law and cousin of Histiaeus, tyrant of Miletus. He acted as regent while Histiaeus was detained at the court of Darius. In 500 B.C. he persuaded the Persians to join him in an attack upon Naxos, but he quar relled with Megabates, the Persian commander, who, according to Herodotus, warned the Naxians, and the expedition failed. Finding himself bankrupt and out of favour with Persia, Arista goras, instigated by a message from Histiaeus, raised Ionia in revolt (see IONIA). He then went to Greece to secure help, and induced the Athenians to send the force which helped to burn Sardis. It was their intervention which led to Darius' invasion of Greece in 480.
After the failure of the revolt, Aristagoras emigrated to Myr cinus in Thrace, where he fell, in an attack on Ennea Hodoi (later Amphipolis), which belonged to a Thracian tribe.
See Herodotus, v. 30-51, 97-126; Thucydides iv. 102 ; Diodorus xii. 68; see also G. B. Grundy, Great Persian War (co).