ARTEMISIA, daughter of Lygdamis, was queen of Hali carnassus and Cos about 48o B.c. She took part in the expedition of Xerxes against the Greeks, and fitted out five ships, with which she distinguished herself in the sea-fight near Salamis (48o) (Hdt. vii. 99, viii. 87, 88). According to Herodotus it was her advice which decided Xerxes not to risk another battle, but to retire at once from Greece. (For the legend of her love for Dardanus of Abydos, and her death by leaping from the Leucadian promontory, see Photius, Cod. 153a.)