ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETIES. The Royal Astronomical Society was founded in 182o as the Astronomical Society of Lon don and was incorporated March 7, 1831. Its headquarters are at Burlington House, London, and Memoirs (1882, etc.) and Monthly Notices (1831, etc.) are published. The first Inter national Astronomical Congress met at Heidelberg in 1863 and in 1887 the first international conference for celestial photography assembled in Paris. The International Astronomical Union, or ganized at Brussels in 1919, held meetings at Rome in 1922, Cam bridge, Eng., in 1925 and at Leiden, Holland, in 1928. Other astronomical societies: British Astronomical Association (Lon don) and societies at Bristol (1869), publishing Reports; Leeds (1859), Manchester and Liverpool (i 881) ; the Roy. Astr. Soc. of Canada, Toronto (189o), Transactions (189o), Proceedings (1902), Journal (1907, etc.) ; Soc. Astr., Paris (1887), Bull.; Kgl. Astr. Rechneninstitut, Berlin (1897) ; Astronomische Ges., Leipzig (1863), Publ. (1865, etc.) and V iertel jahrschri f t (1866, etc.) ; Soc. Astr. Ital., Milan (192o), Revista; Soc. Beige. d'Astr. de Meteorol. et de Physique du Globe, Brussels (1893), Bull. mens.; Soc. d'Astr., Antwerp (1905), Gazette; Soc. Astr., Mexico (1902 ), Boletin (1902, etc.) . The American Astronomical Society was originally founded in 1899 as the Astronomical and Astro physical Society of America. The Astronomical Society of the Pacific was founded in 1889. The American Association of Vari able Star Observers was organized in 1911.