AUGUSTOW, a small town of Poland, in the province of Bialystok, 5om. north of the town of that name, on a canal (65m.) connecting the Vistula with the Niemen. It was founded in by Sigismund II. (Augustus), and is laid out in a very regular manner, with a spacious market-place. It carries on a large trade in cattle and horses, manufactures linen and huckaback, and is a centre for the transport of timber from the large forest of the same name.