BAENA, a town of southern Spain, in the province of Cor dova. Pop. (1930), 21,338. Baena is picturesquely situated near the river Marbella, on the slope of a hill crowned with a castle, which formerly belonged to the famous captain Gonzalo de Cor dova. Farming and horse-breeding are the chief local industries. The nearest railway station is Luque (pop. 4m. south east on the Jaen-Lucena line. The site of the Roman town (Baniana or Biniana) can still be traced.