BALDUINUS, JACOBUS, Italian jurist of the 13th cen tury, a Bolognese and reputed to be of a noble family, was a pupil of Azo, and the master of Odofredus, Hostiensis and Jacobus de Ravanis (who first applied dialectical forms to legal science). His great fame as a professor of civil law at Bologna caused Balduinus to be elected podesta of the city of Genoa, where he was entrusted with the reform of its laws. He died at Bologna in 1225. His treatises on procedure were the earliest of their kind.