BALMES, JAIME LUCIANO(1810-1848), Spanish eccle siastic, political writer and philosopher, was born at Vich in Cata lonia, on Aug. 28, 181o, and died there on July 9, 1848. Having attacked the regent Espartero he was exiled. On his return he founded and edited. the El Pensamiento de la Nacion, a Catholic weekly; but his fame rests on El Protestantismo comparado con el Catolicismo en sus relaciones con la Civilisation Europea (1842- 44, 6th ed. 1879; Eng. trans. 1849), an able defence of Catholicism as the spirit of obedience or order, against Protestantism, the spirit of revolt ; it belongs to apologetics, and is not a history. His philosophical works are the Filosofia Fondamental (1846) Eng. trans. by H. F. Brownson (New York, 1856), and the Curso de Filosofia Elemental (1847), which he translated into Latin.